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تعداد نتایج: 3419 فیلتر نتایج به سال:
BACKGROUND During April-July 2009, U.S. hospitalization rates for 2009 pandemic influenza A (H1N1) virus (H1N1pdm09) infection were estimated at 4·5/100 000 persons. We describe rates and risk factors for H1N1pdm09 infection among American Indians (AIs) in four isolated southwestern U.S. communities served by the Indian Health Service (IHS). METHODS We reviewed clinical and demographic inform...
BACKGROUND Influenza is an important cause of respiratory illness in children, but data are limited on hospitalized children with laboratory-confirmed influenza in China. METHODS We conducted active surveillance for severe acute respiratory infection (SARI; fever and at least one sign or symptom of acute respiratory illness) among hospitalized pediatric patients in Jingzhou, Hubei Province, f...
BACKGROUND Influenza is responsible for substantial morbidity and mortality, but there is limited information on reliable disease burden estimates, especially from middle-income countries in the WHO European Region. OBJECTIVES To estimate the incidence of medically attended influenza-associated influenza-like illness (ILI) and hospitalizations due to severe acute respiratory infection (SARI) ...
INTRODUCTION Acute respiratory infections (ARI), including influenza, comprise a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Influenza surveillance provides important information to inform policy on influenza control and vaccination. While the epidemiology of influenza has been well characterized in western countries, few data exist on influenza epidemiology in the Eastern Mediterranean...
BACKGROUND Influenza vaccination is recommended by the World Health Organization for high risk groups, yet few data exist on influenza disease burden in West Africa. METHODS We estimated medically attended influenza-associated illness rates among residents of Shai-Osudoku and Ningo Pram-Pram Districts (SONPD), Ghana. From May 2013 to April 2015, we conducted prospective surveillance for sever...
BACKGROUND Estimates of influenza-associated hospitalization are severely limited in low- and middle-income countries, especially in Africa. OBJECTIVES To estimate the national number of influenza-associated severe acute respiratory illness (SARI) hospitalization in Rwanda. METHODS We multiplied the influenza virus detection rate from influenza surveillance conducted at 6 sentinel hospitals...
BACKGROUND Over the last decade, capacity for influenza surveillance and research in West Africa has strengthened. Data from these surveillance systems showed influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 circulated in West Africa later than in other regions of the continent. METHODS We contacted 11 West African countries to collect information about their influenza surveillance systems (number of sites, type of su...
BACKGROUND Refugees are at risk for poor outcomes from acute respiratory infections (ARI) because of overcrowding, suboptimal living conditions, and malnutrition. We implemented surveillance for respiratory viruses in Dadaab and Kakuma refugee camps in Kenya to characterize their role in the epidemiology of ARI among refugees. METHODS From 1 September 2007 through 31 August 2010, we obtained ...
Zohreh Shahhosseini, Zeinab Hamzeh Gardeshi, Maryam Hajizadeh Valukolaee, Fereshteh Yazdani Khermandichali. Department of Reproductive Health and Midwifery, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Nasibeh Nursing and Midwifery Faculty, Sari, Iran; Master Student of Midwifery counseling, Research student Committee, Mazandaran University of Medical Science, Nasibeh Nursing and Midwifery Facult...
BACKGROUND Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) and influenza A viruses are known to cause severe acute respiratory tract infections (SARIs) in children. For other viruses like human rhinoviruses (HRVs) this is less well established. Viral or bacterial co-infections are often considered essential for severe manifestations of these virus infections. OBJECTIVE The study aims at identifying viruses...
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