In this paper we study the possibility of proving the existence of one-way functions based on average case hardness. It is well-known that if there exists a polynomial-time sampler that outputs instancesolution pairs such that the distribution on the instances is hard on average, then one-way functions exist. We study the possibility of constructing such a sampler based on the assumption that t...

The Generalized Gibbs Sampler (GGS) is a recently proposed Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) technique that is particularly useful for sampling from distributions defined on spaces in which the dimension varies from point to point or in which points are not easily defined in terms of co-ordinates. Such spaces arise in problems involving model selection and model averaging and in a number of inter...

Several samplers (IOM, CIP 10-I v1, ACCU-CAP, and Button) were evaluated at various wood industry companies using the CALTOOL system. The results obtained show that compared to the CALTOOL mouth, which can be considered to be representative of the exposure of a person placed at the same location under the same experimental conditions, the concentrations measured by the IOM, CIP 10-I v1, and ACC...

The Gibbs sampler is the standard Markov chain Monte Carlo sampler for drawing samples from the posterior distribution of conjugate Dirichlet process mixture models. Researchers have noticed the Gibbs sampler’s tendency to get stuck in local modes and, thus, poorly explore the posterior distribution. Jain and Neal (2004) proposed a merge-split sampler in which a naive random split is sweetened ...

We introduce a trans-dimensional extension of the rejection sampler of von Neumann. Our interval analytic construction of the rejection sampler provides a universal method that is capable of producing exact samples from a large class of trans-dimensional target densities with locally Lipschitz arithmetical expressions. We illustrate the efficiency of the sampler by theory and by examples in up ...

The Industrial Safety and Health Law in Japan established administrative levels for volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in indoor air. In the present study, these 49 VOCs were extracted from the absorbents of commercial active samplers from Sibata Scientific Technology (carbon-bead active sampler), SKC Inc. (Anasorb CSC sorbent tube), and Gastec (bead-shaped activated carbon tube) using carbon di...

Ever increasing computational power along with ever more sophisticated statistical computing techniques is making it possible to fit ever more complex statistical models. Among the popular, computationally intensive methods, the Gibbs sampler (Geman and Geman, 1984) has been spotlighted because of its simplicity and power to effectively generate samples from a high-dimensional probability distr...

The Hierarchical Dirichlet Process (HDP) model is an important tool for topic analysis. Inference can be performed through a Gibbs sampler using the auxiliary variable method. We propose a splitmerge procedure to augment this method of inference, facilitating faster convergence. Whilst the incremental Gibbs sampler changes topic assignments of each word conditioned on the previous observations ...

The 2009 H1N1 pandemic emphasized a need to evaluate zoonotic transmission of influenza A in swine production. Airborne influenza A virus has been detected in swine facilities during an outbreak. However, the personal exposure of veterinarians treating infected swine has not been characterized. Two personal bioaerosol samplers, the NIOSH bioaerosol sampler and the personal high-flow inhalable s...

Six inhalable aerosol samplers were evaluated experimentally as area samplers using monodisperse solid particles with aerodynamic diameters ranging from 5 to 68 mm. Sampler performance and inside particle loss at two test wind speeds (0.55 and 1.1 m/sec) and three wind orientations (0, 90, and 180 degrees) were investigated. The six inhalable aerosol samplers tested were a RESPICONTM sampler, a...