Low population density and large distance from civilization centers generate high costs of isolation. Immigration reduces these costs for veteran residents but reduces social and cultural cohesion, increases the demand for scarce resources and affects the rate of urban unemployment. An expected net benefit maximization model for determining the optimal population size and the equilibrium urban-...

Nigeria is the most populous African nation with an estimated population of 182 million citizens in 2016.1 The population distribution is mostly rural (and agrarian), although there are large cities like Lagos, Ibadan, Kano, Port Harcourt and Abuja. The country has over 374 ethnic groups with Hausa, Yoruba, Ibo, Nupe and Tiv being the leading five languages. The official unemployment rate is 14...

OBJECTIVES The main objective of this study was to evaluate the differences of depression rate in employed and unemployed persons in the period of financial and economic crisis in Romania, in a pair-matched study design. METHOD The cross-sectional study uses a pair match design (395 pairs) of two groups of employed and unemployed persons. Other socio-demographic risk factors of depression (ge...

This article reviews how psychologists working in rural communities often have to be at the cutting edge of practice because of the issues inherent in rural life. Problems faced by rural residents, such as poverty, unemployment, lack of transportation, lack of education, substance abuse, lack of health and mental health providers, and lack of insurance, complicate living day-to-day and receivin...

Mental health services in India are neglected area which needs immediate attention from the government, policymakers, and civil society organizations. Despite, National Mental Health Programme since 1982 and National Rural Health Mission, there has been a very little effort so far to provide mental health services in rural areas. With increase in population, changing life-style, unemployment, l...

Overwhelming urban migration occurred so rapidly in many developing countries that widespread unemployment and squalid living conditions are commonplace. For many of these countries, stopping urban migration has become a major policy. Two models propose 2 different theories of urban unemployment. Todaro's short-term effects model concludes that job creation actually causes unemployment. Tod...

The Comprehensive Rural Development Programme (CRDP) is a national collective action to fight poverty, hunger, unemployment and lack of development in rural areas.This paper seeks to interrogate the programme by using literature on rural development. This is aimed at unpacking the conceptual framework as it is being implemented by the government. Our trajectory is to assess the extent to which ...

the main objective of this research is investigating the performance of ravang’s rural – industrial area and its role in rural development, occupation and income, using available equipments, stabilizing rural population (preventing migration to cities), identifying positive and negative points of establishing and starting this plan and finally recognizing problems and providing suggestions....