The Aedes aegypti vector for dengue virus (DENV) has been reported in urban and periurban areas. The information about DENV circulation in mosquitoes in Colombian rural areas is limited, so we aimed to evaluate the presence of DENV in Ae. aegypti females caught in rural locations of two Colombian municipalities, Anapoima and La Mesa. Mosquitoes from 497 rural households in 44 different rural se...

extended abstract 1. introduction spatial expression of increase in earth planet population as the consequence of industrialization, improving the living standards, and reducing the amount of epidemic diseases in the past century, has been the physical-spatial development of urban and rural settlements. this transformation, especially during past decade, beside the technological advances, has s...

extended abstract 1. introduction earthquake is one of the most important factors in vulnerability of rural areas in iran, which particularly due to shallow epicenter, causes a lot of damage. in addition to the absolute and relative position of different parts of the country, rupture of spatial organization and the lack of hierarchy based on interactive relationship among settlements, are ackno...

Informal settlement in Kabul Why and how should Kabul upgrade its informal settlements? Informal settlements shelter about 80% of Kabul’s population (2.44 million people), cover 69% of the city’s residential land, and represent a fixed private capital investment of US$2.5 billion (not including land value). The size, scale, and contribution to the economy of informal settlements force the poli...

as the organizational relationships are effective in geographic environment of human settlements for development quality and its infrastructures, also it is influenced from space- place trends and development approaches definition and set to dialogue, not a different definition and set differently and they are effective in their spatial extent . on this basis, in this paper is trying to help so...

STUDY OBJECTIVE Comparison of children's nutritional status in refugee populations with that of local host populations, one year after outbreak refugee crisis in the North Kivu region of Democratic Republic of Congo. DESIGN Cross sectional surveys. SETTING Temporary and other settlements, in the town of Goma and surrounding rural areas. SUBJECTS Anthropometric indicators of nutritional st...

1. introduction one of the basic needs in the field of rural development is providing social health for villagers to to create appropriate basis to use social, economic and environmental possibilities of the village. so, rural development does not just include economic and agricultural aspects, but includes other aspects of life such as environmental, social, wellbeing and health aspects. hence...

The collectivization and the long period of socialism in Russia completely transformed rural life and rural livelihoods. In this period large-scale farms came to incorporate all aspects of rural life, and became the dominant economic and social structures in rural areas. In the past decade, the on-going transition, combined with the economic deterioration of the large-scale farming system, has ...