This article examines the markets for land and labour in traditional Japan, where peasant families accounted for 80 per cent of the population; it focuses on the extent of these markets and how they operated. The survey of evidence, both literary and statistical, indicates that, while the size of the factor markets was small and limited, lease arrangements for farmland and the markets for seaso...

This article examines the markets for land and labour in traditional Japan, where peasant families accounted for 80 per cent of the population; it focuses on the extent of these markets and how they operated. The survey of evidence, both literary and statistical, indicates that, while the size of the factor markets was small and limited, lease arrangements for farmland and the markets for seaso...

This article provides a test of the secularization hypothesis, which argues that economic growth, industrialization, increased literacy and decreasing fertility depress religiosity. It focuses on the elections of the secular politicians who voted in favor of the separation between Church and State in the French Parliament in 1905. If the secularization hypothesis is correct, these secular polit...

In this paper we address the question of farm-nonfarm linkages at the household level for a case-study in Senegal. We examine whether increasing off-farm employment opportunities for rural households – resulting from increased horticulture exports and associated agro-industrialization – has benefitted the smallholder farm sector through investment linkages. We use data from a household survey i...

In recent years, leisure agriculture has been developing rapidly. Leisure gradually become an important way to promote economic growth in rural areas and improve farmers’ income. By building a two-department general equilibrium model, this paper finds that the simple pursuit of development may have certain negative impact on traditional industries areas, so as put forward idea industrialization...

Rural China has experienced rapid urbanization and industrialization, accompanied with rural–urban migration since 1978. This tremendous transition has caused a series of negative consequences, necessitating a spatial-territorial reorganization of rural settlements. Previous studies on the restructuring of rural settlements are insufficient for inter-settlement connection consideration and prac...

Studies of labour migration in China usually focus on rural residents seeking wage employment the urban industrial or service sector. This article provides an account migrant farmers who have moved from impoverished countryside to peri-urban villages more developed areas engage substitute agricultural production. They took over fields abandoned by local villagers and lived worked among them as ...