background and purpose: utilization of health care services and food influence the health status. the food and health care expenditure ratios determine the importance level of them in household's consumption expenditures. we aimed to investigate the iranian rural and urban food and health expenditure ratios inequality during 1998 to 2012. materials and methods: this is a descriptive longit...

OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to analyse the associations between the food variety score (FVS), dietary diversity score (DDS) and nutritional status of children, and to assess the associations between FVS, DDS and socioeconomic status (SES) on a household level. The study also assessed urban and rural differences in FVS and DDS. DESIGN Cross-sectional studies in 1994/95, including a...

This paper investigates the migration behavior of rural-urban migrants within Vietnam. It focuses on the length and intensity of migration and its respective determinants. The analysis uses panel data of 2200 rural households and data from a migrant tracking survey of 299 migrants from Vietnam. The findings show that migrants coming from rural households that faced a higher number of idiosyncra...

In China, a huge number of workers migrate from rural areas to work in cities. Their children, though, face restrictions when seeking their compulsory education; they may be barred from enrolling in public schools or be required to pay extra fees. This paper is the first to quantify the effects of these educational barriers on the location choices of rural households who have children under com...

the effects of omitting production subsidies from agricultural sector and the related industries in iran are explored in this paper. to simulate the effects of this policy, a computable general equilibrium (cge) model for iran economy was developed and the latest input- output table published in 2001 and the accompanying information regarding national accounts was used as database in the form o...

Earthquakes happen suddenly and are immensely destructive. They not only destroy entire societal production and infrastructure systems but also seriously interfere with daily life and reduce opportunities to earn income in earthquake-affected areas. In this paper, using the Ning’er Ms 6.4 earthquake in 2007 as an example, we analyzed the livelihood vulnerability of rural households in Ning’er C...

The purpose of this paper was to examine children's education financing alternatives among households in rural China. Data on education financing was from a household survey conducted in three poverty villages in Guizhou, China. The difference in financing education by households was verified through non-parametric testing. Findings show that private savings is dominant in financing education o...

Background and Objectives: Poverty and risk of nutritional vulnerability of female-headed households (FHHs) are usually higher than male-headed households (MHHs). This study aimed at comparing the socio-economic status, and food and nutrient intake of FHHs and MHHs based on the data from Comprehensive Study on Household Food Consumption Patterns and Nutritional Status of Iran (2001-2003). Mate...