BACKGROUND Condom use and antiretroviral therapy (ART) are effective means to prevent and control HIV transmission. We aimed to assess the effect of condom use in combination with antiretroviral therapy (ART) on HIV incidence and mortality among men who had sex with men (MSM) in Beijing, China. METHODS We evaluated the effect of condom use, ART, and the combination of both among people living...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE It is currently unknown whether the excess risk of stroke by smoking is the same for women and men. We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to estimate the effect of smoking on stroke in women compared with men. METHODS PubMed MEDLINE was systematically searched for prospective population-based cohort studies published between January 1, 1966, and January 26,...

We present a study of the effects of non-stoichiometry, boron purity, wire diameter and post-synthesis treatment (etching and Mg distilling) on the temperature dependent resistance and resistivity of sintered MgB2 pellets and wire segments. Whereas the residual resistivity ratio (RRR) varies between RRR ≈ 4 to RRR ≥ 20 for different boron purity, it is only moderately affected by non-stoichiome...

Main results 16 RCTs met the selection criteria. Antihypertensive drugs were more effective than placebo for reducing the risk of TCEs (3 RCTs), all cause mortality (1 RCT), and MEPs (3 RCTs) (table). A target diastolic BP of 80 compared with 90 mm Hg reduced risk of TCEs (relative risk reduction [RRR] 51%, 95% CI 22 to 86)(1 RCT); a target BP of 150/85 compared with 180/105 mm Hg reduced risk ...

BACKGROUND Housing-led regeneration has been shown to have limited effects on mental health. Considering housing and neighbourhoods as a psychosocial environment, regeneration may have greater impact on positive mental wellbeing than mental ill-health. This study examined the relationship between the positive mental wellbeing of residents living in deprived areas and their perceptions of their ...

We compare methods for estimating the residual resistivity ratio (RRR) of high-purity niobium and investigate the effects of using different functional models. RRR is typically defined as the ratio of the electrical resistances measured at 273 K (the ice point) and 4.2 K (the boiling point of helium at standard atmospheric pressure). However, pure niobium is superconducting below about 9.3 K, s...

BACKGROUND Infant birth weight, which is classified into low birth weight, normal birth weight and macrosomia, is associated with short and long-term health consequences, such as neonatal mortality and chronic disease in life. Macrosomia and low birth weight are double burden problems in developing counties, such as Ethiopia, but the paucity of evidence has made it difficult to assess the exten...

Although the U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) has prioritized care for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), many patients with PTSD remain symptomatic. Patterns of PTSD symptom change are not well understood. Thus, the current study was designed to categorize and investigate potential predictors of symptom trajectories in patients with PTSD. The sample comprised 2,237 VA patients who w...

Disruption of DNA replication, recombination, and repair (DNA-RRR) systems has been hypothesized to cause highly elevated nucleotide substitution rates and genome rearrangements in the plastids of angiosperms, but this theory remains untested. To investigate nuclear-plastid genome (plastome) coevolution in Geraniaceae, four different measures of plastome complexity (rearrangements, repeats, nuc...