The aim of this study was to evaluate the performance of undergraduates in their first contact with manual and rotary root canal instrumentation. Forty-two students who had never worked on a root canal before instrumented 42 extracted lower-incisors. Participants were assigned to one of two groups: Rotary instrumentation or manual instrumentation. Pre- and post-operative computed tomography sca...

background: the aim of this clinical trial study was to clinically evaluate the use of enamel matrix protein derivative combined with the coronally positioned fl ap to treat gingival recession compared to the subepithelial connective tissue graft by a new method to obtain denuded root surface area. materials and methods: thirteen patients, each with two or more similar bilateral miller class i ...

The purpose of this paper is to correlate the four formant frequencies F1–F4 and quality factors Q1–Q4 with the positions, areas, or area ratios formed by the four active articulators: tongue root, tongue body, blade, and lips. The quality or amplification factor Q is the formant frequency F divided by the bandwidth B. Toward this end, a 27-tube frequency-domain vocal tract model (FDVT) is deve...

Genetic modification of shoot and root morphology has potential to improve water and nutrient uptake of wheat crops in rainfed environments. Near-isogenic lines (NILs) varying for a tillering inhibition (tin) gene and representing multiple genetic backgrounds were phenotyped in contrasting, controlled environments for shoot and root growth. Leaf area, shoot and root biomass were similar until t...

Pistacia vera cv Badami-e-riz and P.vera cv Ghazvini are the most important and popular rootstocks in Iran, which tolerate salinity and phytophthora fungi. This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of various concentrations of polyamines and IBA on root regeneration of transplanted bare- rooted ‘Badami-e-riz’ and ‘Ghazvini’ pistachio rootstocks. The mean comparison between IBA and polyam...

Under optimal partitioning theory (OPT), plants preferentially allocate biomass to acquire the resource that most limits growth. Within this framework, higher root mass under low nutrients is often assumed to reflect an allocation response to build more absorptive surface. However, higher root mass also could result from increased storage of total nonstructural carbohydrates (TNC) without an in...

Zinc (Zn) deficiency reduces crop yields globally. This study investigated the importance of root morphological traits, especially root hairs, in plant growth and Zn uptake. Wild-type barley (Hordeum vulgare) Pallas and its root-hairless mutant brb were grown in soil and solution culture at different levels of Zn supply for 16 d. Root morphological traits (root length, diameter, and surface are...

Surveys were conducted on regenerating stands of lodgepole pine to determine the relationship between root deformation and susceptibility to attack by the Warren root collar weevil, Hylobius warreni Wood. The total number of trees attacked by H. warreni did not differ between planted and natural trees. A matched case-control logistic regression suggested that root cross-sectional area was more ...

Fungal endophytes have shown to affect plant growth and to confer stress tolerance to the host; however, effects of endophytes isolated from water plants have been poorly investigated. In this study, fungi isolated from stems (stem-E) and roots (root-E) of Mentha aquatica L. (water mint) were identified, and their morphogenetic properties analysed on in vitro cultured Arabidopsis (L.) Heynh., 1...