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The effectiveness of intravenous glucagon in improving myocardial function during conditions when exceptional loads have been added has been evaluated in three groups of eight instrumented, anesthetized, open-chest dogs. Glucagon (5 mg/kg! mm) was infused continuously for 20 minutes after a series of hemodynamic stresses had been applied. These stresses consisted of cardiovascular depression se...

In a period of 15 years (1957-1972), 114 infants (51 males, 63 females) with the diagnosis of ventricular septal defect and congestive heart failure underwent pulmonary artery banding at The Children's Hospital Medical Center in Boston. A second study performed in 55 of these revealed the left-to-right shunt through the ventricular septal defect to be greatly diminished in seven and completely ...

The impact of the pericardium on right ventricular performance in the presence of normal filling pressures was evaluated using a rapid response RVEF thermodilution pulmonary artery catheter and TEE. In eight patients with normal right coronary arteries undergoing coronary artery bypass surgery, hemodynamic measurements revealed increased right ventricular end-diastolic and end-systolic volumes ...

Recent findings There is growing evidence that right ventricular function is a key determinant in survival in cardiac surgery, particularly in patients with pulmonary hypertension. The diagnosis of this condition is helped by the use of specific hemodynamic parameters and echocardiography. In that regard, international consensus guidelines on the echocardiographic assessment of right ventricula...

Current automatic implantable cardioverter-defibrillators detect tachyarrhythmias primarily by rate-only algorithms and cannot adequately distinguish hemodynamically stable from unstable tachyarrhythmias. The responses of right atrial (mean) and right ventricular pressures (mean, systolic, diastolic, and pulse) to 64 induced and paced supraventricular and ventricular tachyarrhythmias were studi...

an 80-year-old diabetic man with severe aortic stenosis was admitted to our hospital for cardiogenic shock complicating non-st-elevation myocardial infarction. echocardiographic evaluation showed also a severe degree of both left ventricular dysfunction and mitral regurgitation. the patient was initially stabilized with inotropes and mechanical ventilation was necessary because of concurrent pu...

Pathophysiologic mechanisms that lead to hemodynamic abnormalities in cardiogenic shock (including hypotension, hypoperfusion, and elevated venous pressures) are reviewed within the framework of pressure-volume analysis. This approach provides the foundation for understanding how different modes of circulatory support impact key these cardiovascular parameters in various clinical settings. Four...