The phytochrome (phy) family of plant photoreceptors controls various aspects of photomorphogenesis. Overexpression of rice phyA-green fluorescent protein (GFP) and tobacco phyB-GFP fusion proteins in tobacco results in functional photoreceptors. phyA-GFP and phyB-GFP are localized in the cytosol of dark-adapted plants. In our experiments, red light treatment led to nuclear translocation of phy...

The programmed regulation of carbohydrate-metabolizing enzymes is associated with an increase in the production of starch in rice endosperm (4, 5). The increase in starch-branching enzyme, or Q-enzyme, plays a critical role in the initiation and regulation of the biochemical process of starch accumulation in rice endosperm (4) (Table I). Q-enzyme catalyzes the synthesis of amylopectin by introd...

Introduction One of the tragic consequences of rice policies in The Gambia over the past twenty years is how severely they undermined the domestic rice sector. Between 1966-1984, international development assistance had promoted irrigation projects on the country's abundant alluvial swamps. The objective was to create surpluses for national demand by growing the second crop by irrigation. Doubl...

Rice flour, corn flour and deoiled rice bran blends were used to prepare ready-to-eat extrudates

virtual water adds a new dimension to crop trades and provides a new way of thinking about water scarcity. a systematic analysis of virtual water flows requires integration of all critical drivers of virtual water flows under a single consistent framework. the aim of this study was to assess virtual water flows related to trades of grain crops (wheat, corn, rice, and coarse cereals) and their i...

Trade liberalization in the early 1990s in Bangladesh has enabled the private sector to respond with market-stabilizing inflows of rice and wheat following major production shortfalls. At the same time, easing of restrictions on foreign investment, combined with substantial depreciation of the Taka, have enabled exports of the labor-intensive readymade garment industry to expand significantly. ...

Indonesia is the world's fourth most populous country, trailing only China, India, and United States, with a population of 276,361,788 people. Efforts to fulfill demand for rice as staple food are concerning. The policies established by Ministry Agriculture Trade do not match. carries out pro-rice production policy. import This study included both descriptive quantitative analysis. type data us...