The cytochrome P450 protective activity of Sapindus mukorossi and Rheum emodi were evaluated against CCl4 induced prolongation of pentobarbitone sleep time in Wister rats. The fractions, at a dose of 0.2 g/kg,0.4g/kg p.o., Sapindus mukorossi, Rheum emodi significantly prevents the CCl4 induced prolongation of pentobarbitone sleep time (P<0.01), indicating the cytochrome P450 protection activity...

In recent years, large controlled trials have tested several new agents for systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Unfortunately, none of these trials has met its primary outcome. This does not mean progress has not been made. In fact, a great deal has been learned about doing clinical trials in lupus and about the biological and clinical effects of the drugs being tested. Many of these drugs were...

MHC molecule expression and susceptibility to rheumatoid arthritis, multiple sclerosis and myocardial infarction. Nat Genet 2005;37:486–94. 4 Yazdani-Biuki B, Brickmann K, Wohlfahrt K et al. The MHC2TA -168A>G gene polymorphism is not associated with rheumatoid arthritis in Austrian patients. Arthritis Res Ther 2006;8:R97. 5 Orozco G, Robledo G, Linga Reddy MV et al. Study of the role of a func...

Bifid or bifurcated ribs are a rare anatomical anomaly that accounts for approximately 28% of known rib abnormalities. Bifurcation always occurs at the sternal end of the rib and its two extremities are joined to a bifid costal cartilage. The presence of bifid rib is frequently accompanied by other anomalies, although this does not necessarily imply that it cannot occur as an isolated anomaly. ...

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De Troyer A. Respiratory effect of the lower rib displacement produced by the diaphragm. J Appl Physiol 112: 529–534, 2012. First published December 1, 2011; doi:10.1152/japplphysiol.01067.2011.— The diaphragm acting alone causes a cranial displacement of the lower ribs and a caudal displacement of the upper ribs. The respiratory effect of the lower rib displacement, however, is uncertain. In t...

Neviasa JS. Adhesive capsulitis of the shoulder. A study of the pathological findings in periarthritis of the shoulder. J Bone J'oint Surg 1945 ;27 :211-22. 2 Bruckner FE, Nye CJS. A prospective study of adhesive capsulitis of the shoulder ("frozen shoulder") in a high risk population. Q 7 Med 1981; 198:191-204. 3Wright V, Haq AMMM. Periarthritis of the shoulder. II. Radiological features. Ann ...

disorders. J Rheum 1992; 19: 721–28. 2 Mills JA, Michel BA, Bloch DA, et al.The American College of Rheumatology 1990 criterial for classification of Henoch-Schönlein purpura. Arthr Rheum 1990; 33: 1114–21. 3 Tancrede-Bohin E, Ochonisky S,Vignon-Pennamen M, Flaheul B, Morel P, Rybojad M. Henoch-Schönlein purpura in adult patients. Arch Dermatology 1997; 133: 438–42. 4 Blanco R, Martinez-Taboada...

When CASNET (Chapter 7) evolved into the general s,vstem-building tool known as EXPERT, one of the first applications was a rheumatology consultant program called AI/Rheum (Kingsland and Lindberg, 1983). Developed collaboratively by researchers at Rutgers University and the University of Missouri, AI/Rheum quickly became large and complex, thereby complicating the process of knowledge base main...