Understanding the impacts of combined resource supplies on seedlings is critical to enable prediction of establishment growth, and forest dynamics. We investigated the effects of irradiance and water treatments on absolute growth, and relative growth rate (RGR) and its components, for seedlings of fourQuercus species differing in leaf habit and with a wide variation in seedmass. Plants were gro...

The combined effects of water activity ([a(w)] 0.99 or 0.95), pH (4.5 or 3.5) and antimicrobial agent (potassium sorbate, sodium benzoate, sodium bisulfite, carvacrol, citral, eugenol, thymol, or vanillin) concentration (0, 100, 200 up to 1800 ppm) on the growth of Aspergillus flavus were evaluated in potato dextrose agar (PDA). Mold spore germination time and radial growth rates (RGR) were sig...

To investigate if the cooperation between the Rgr oncogene and the inactivation of INK4b (a CDK inhibitor), as described previously in a sarcoma model, would be operational in a lymphoid system in vivo, we generated a transgenic/knockout murine model. Transgenic mice expressing the Rgr oncogene under a CD4 promoter were crossed into a p15(INK4b)-deficient background. Unexpectedly, mice with a c...

0 Species!pairs from woody dicot lineages were chosen as phylogenetically inde! pendent contrasts "PICs# to represent evolutionary divergences along gradients of rainfall and nutrient stress\ and within particular habitat types\ in New South Wales\ Australia[ Seedlings were grown under controlled\ favourable conditions and measurements were made for various growth\ morphological and allocation ...

Relative growth rate (RGR) is currently the most commonly used method for measuring and comparing species' intrinsic growth potential. Comparative studies have, for example, revealed that small-seeded species have higher RGR, leading to the common belief that small-seeded species possess physiological adaptations for rapid growth that would allow them to outgrow large-seeded species, given suff...

Derived actions in the category of groups with action on itself $\mathbf{Gr}^{\bullet}$ are defined and described. This plays a crucial role solution Loday's two problems stated literature. A full subcategory reduced $\mathbf{rGr}^{\bullet}$ is introduced, which not interest but has some properties, can be applied investigation representability this category; these properties similar to those, ...

In recent years, the rapid growth of new-generation wireless networks has spurred a research thrust in cooperative communication and it is a powerful physical layer technique to combat fading in wireless relaying scenario. Recently, chaos based communication with its excellent features has been proved to be an appropriate choice for the emerging wireless networks. Different chaos based modulati...

In this study, the combined effects of light and water availability on the functional relationships of the relative growth rate (RGR), leaf chemical composition, construction and maintenance costs, and benefits in terms of payback time for Coffea arabica are presented. Coffee plants were grown for 8 months in 100% or 15% full sunlight and then a four-month water shortage was implemented. Plants...

The present study provides a description of the morphological, histological and histochemical development, and the ecological implications of red porgy larvae reared in mesocosm, from hatching to 30 days after hatching (DAH). Four development stages were defined by body total length (TL), in agreement with major patterns of larval organogenesis. The first stage was characterized by the highest ...

Most spionid polychaetes switch from surface deposit feeding to suspension feeding as current velocity and the flux of suspended food particles increase in the benthic boundary layer. This hydrodynamically mediated feeding behavior has been well studied, but the impact of flow on the growth rates of juvenile spionids has not been tested extensively. I performed two experiments in counter-rotati...