Increasing global competition has led to massive outsourcing of manufacturing businesses. Such outsourcing practices require effective collaborations between the manufacturing companies and their partners by sharing a large amount of information. In the meantime, since some of the partners are also potential competitors, protection of confidential information, particularly intellectual property...

Reverse supply chains are receiving increased attention in both academia and practice to address business and environmental sustainability opportunities. As few organizations are adept at both forward and reverse supply chains, subcontracting various activities is imperative. Forging temporary partnerships as a virtual enterprise to take advantage of a short-term market opportunity is one avail...

Along with forward supply chain organization needs to consider the impact of reverse logistics due to its economic advantage, social awareness and strict legislations. In this paper, we develop a system dynamics framework for a closed-loop supply chain with fuzzy demand and fuzzy collection rate by incorporating product exchange policy in forward channel and various recovery options in reverse ...

There is an increasing need for company awareness of environmental problems and sustainable business practices. As a post-consumption activity, the reverse supply chain aims to extract value from products at the end of their lifecycle; it offers a means of pursuing sustainability through recycling, remanufacturing, refurbishing, and reusing. This study develops a series of procedures for implem...

University bookstores have a complex multi-product, multi-supplier supply chain with complex channel relationships such as product substitution, random yields, reverse logistics and returns, and risk sharing contracts. Supply chain efficiency is important to the bookstore due to low overall profit margin. The used book buyback activity is an example of reverse logistics with random yield with s...

At the strategic level, closed-loop supply chain (CLSC) management involves long-term decisions regarding the location and capacity allocation of forward/reverse logistics facilities, the assignment of products to facilities, and the distribution of products between facilities and their end users or suppliers. Both demand and return handling must be taken into account, and the overall problem b...

Many authors and researchers cite Dell’s supply chain as a model of excellence, yet few look at the entire closed-loop supply chain and the prevalent inventory and logistics techniques that enable this complex process to work. The techniques reviewed include – postponement, modularity, vendor managed inventory, supply chain partnerships, and demand management. The analysis involves examining ho...

Environmental and economic issues have significant impacts on reverse supply chain management and are thought to form one of the developmental cornerstones of sustainable supply chains. Perusal of the literature shows that a broad frame of reference for reverse supply chain management is not adequately developed. Recent, although limited, research has begun to identify that these sustainable su...

Although many quantitative models have been reported in the literature for designing a supply chain, none of them address issues that are crucial for the supply chain to successfully operate in a closedloop. To that end, we examine the following: (i) selection of economical products to process, (ii) identification of efficient production facilities in the region where the supply chain is to be ...

remanufacturing is an industrial process that makes used products reusable. remanufacturing is a way to establish a closed-loop supply chain. one of the important aspects in both reverse logistics and remanufacturing is pricing of returned and remanufactured products (called cores) that it has been noticed in this paper. in addition, in this paper the researchers have tried to present a mathema...