Large-scale desalination plants are complex systems with many inter-disciplinary interactions and different levels of subsystem hierarchy. Advanced complex systems design tools have been shown to have a positive impact on design in aerospace and automotive, but have generally not been used in the design of water systems. This work presents a multi-disciplinary design optimization approach to de...

introduction: reverse osmosis (ro) is best known for its use in desalination (removing the salt from seawater to get fresh water), but since the early 1970s it has also been used to purify fresh water for medical, industrial, and domestic applications. the aim of this research was the performance study of reverse osmosis plants for water desalination in bandar-lengeh, iran. materials and method...

An osmotic membrane bioreactor-reverse osmosis (OMBR-RO) hybrid system integrated with periodic microfiltration (MF) extraction was evaluated for simultaneous phosphorus and clean water recovery from raw sewage. In this hybrid system, the forward osmosis membrane effectively retained inorganic salts and phosphate in the bioreactor, while the MF membrane periodically bled them out for phosphorus...

Methods This study was undertaken to find out the cause of bacteremias in patients undergoing haemodialysis in Medical Intensive Care unit (MICU) in our hospital.These patients developed fever ,leukocytosis post haemodialysis and Blood cultures were positive . A total of 140 samples consisting of 64 Reverse Osmosis( RO )water samples from RO Water port in MICU and Dialysis unit., 56 dialysate s...

Abstract: Coober Pedy is a remote town in South Australia with abundant solar radiation and scarce and low quality water, where a reverse osmosis plant has been operating since 1967. This paper evaluates the feasibility of powering the plant with solar or photovoltaic (PV) panels whilst avoiding energy storage in batteries. Pilot tests were performed in October 2005 with a small scale PV-powere...

A novel thin-film composite (TFC) reverse osmosis (RO) membrane was developed by the interfacial polymerization (IP) of trimesoyl chloride (TMC) and m-phenylene diamine (MPD) on the hollow fibre ultrafiltration polysulphone (PS) membrane. The performance of the TFC membrane was optimized by studying the preparation parameters, which included monomer TMC concentration, monomer MPD concentration ...

Background: Reverse Osmosis (RO) is an increasingly common method of desalination. A full scale water desalination system by membrane technology (RO) evaluated in a southern city (Jask) in Iran. Methods: First, data collection on water supply and network were performed. Analysis on most of the water quality parameters (Turbidity, pH, EC, Cl-, Na+, Alkalinity, Ca, Na, K, No3, No2, Fe, Mg, Mn, NH...

This paper presents some aspects of forward osmosis coupled with reverse osmosis using a recirculating draw solution, to produce desalinated water or for dewatering/concentrating a feed stream, with some data provided from a number of operational sites. Many of these aspects are applicable to other osmotic processes and provide an insight into where they may be appropriately considered. A compa...

Polymer-based membranes have advanced or novel functions in the various membrane separation processes for liquid and gaseous mixtures, such as gas separation, pervaporation (PV), reverse osmosis (RO), nanofiltration (NF), ultrafiltration (UF), microfiltration (MF), other critical applications of water purification, solvent concentration, recovery [...]

Reverse osmosis membrane (RO) is becoming a most popular instrument to desalinate seawater as a result of new developments in membrane technology. The critical factor governing successful long-term reverse osmosis (RO) in desalination plants is fouling caused by the turbidity of seawater, such as by suspended solids, sparingly soluble salts, or biological growth. To reduce the turbidity, the se...