The seed exomorphic characteristics of four taxa (Cardamine graeca, C. impatiens subsp. impatiens, raphanifolia and uliginosa) belonging to Cardamine were investigated with scanning electron microscopy (SEM). This study presents characteristics, including colour, shape, winged, measures, coat pattern. Four patterns observed; regularly reticulate, irregularly-reticulate, blister tuberculate-reti...

Sir, We report a 47-year-old man with light brown macular pigmentation on the nape of his neck (Fig. 1). It was asymptomatic and had developed gradually over 2 years. He worked outdoors as a pipe fitter on an oilrig module; however, he denied exposure at this site because he always wore a shirt with a collar that covered the affected area. However, on further questioning it transpired that he s...

In an electron microscope study on the developmental cycle of the goat pneumonitis strain of Chlamydia psittaci in L cells, it was observed that miniature reticulate bodies, measuring approximately 0.2 mum in diameter and surrounded by double unit membranes, were produced infrequently from normal-sized reticulate bodies through a "budding"-like process. As little as 0.1 mug of penicillin per ml...

Reticulate evolution is thought to accelerate the process of evolution beyond simple genetic drift and selection, helping to rapidly generate novel hybrids with combinations of adaptive traits. However, the long-standing dogma that reticulate evolutionary processes are likewise advantageous for switching ecological niches, as in microbial pathogen host switch events, has not been explicitly tes...

Reticulate evolutionary processes result in phylogenetic histories that cannot be modeled using a tree topology. Here, we apply methods from topological data analysis to molecular sequence data with reticulations. Using a simple example, we demonstrate the correspondence between nontrivial higher homology and reticulate evolution. We discuss the sensitivity of the standard filtration and show c...

Background: Cigarette smoking is a significant risk factor for periodontal disease. It also causes pigmentation of oral mucosa. The present study was aimed to assess the effects of smoking on lip and gingival pigmentation and periodontal status and the relationship between pigmentation and periodontal parameters. Methods: A total of 109 smokers and an equal number of non-smoker controls (mean a...

The micromorphological typology of seed surfaces was investigated in rapid-cycling Brassica (RCBr) forms, using scanning electron microscopy. Four types of basic ornamentation pattern were recognized: reticulate (B. rapa, B. juncea), reticulate-foveolate (B. nigra), randomly reticulate (B. oleracea, B. napus) and reticulate-rugose (B. carinata). The seed coats showed variation in the shape and ...

INTRODUCTION Systemic sclerosis is a systemic connective tissue disease with variable cutaneous presentations. Although pigmentary disturbances have been described in systemic sclerosis, a reticulate hyperpigmentation has only been reported in one case of systemic sclerosis to date. CASE PRESENTATION We describe a previously healthy 51-year-old Thai woman who presented with a reticulate hyper...

Isolated reticulate bodies of Chlamydia psittaci were found to transport ATP and ADP by an ATP-ADP exchange mechanism. ATP uptake activity was not detected in elementary bodies. The apparent Km of transport for both ATP and ADP was approximately 5 microM, and the calculated Vmax for both was about 1 nmol of nucleotide transported per min per mg of protein. ADP competitively inhibited ATP transp...