The electricity market is particularly complex due to the different arrangements and structures of its participants. If energy price in this presents a conceptual well-known way, complexity will be greatly reduced. Drastic changes supply demand markets are challenge for prices (EPs), which necessitates short-term forecasting EPs. In study, two restructured power systems considered, EPs these en...

Power systems reliability in North America has been defined largely (if not entirely) by engineers and in engineering terms. The NERC and the regional reliability councils have traditionally been the writers of the rules and the enforcers of the requirements. Their decisions have been based on increasingly refined engineering rules of thumb that have stressed conservative measures of system sec...

In this paper, the parameters of PID controller for Automatic Generation Control (AGC) is tuned according to Generic Algorithms (GAs) based performance indices in the restructured power systems. The key idea of the proposed method is to use the fitness function based on figure of demerit. The simulation results are shown to illustrate effectiveness of the proposed method to solution of AGC prob...

New contours of global inequality present new challenges for global health, and require that we consider new kinds of health issues as global. I provide a number of illustrations, arguing the need for a political science of health that goes beyond conventional preoccupations with formal institutional and interstate interactions and takes into account how globalization has affected the health po...