The management of solid waste has become an urgent problem in nations with a great population density. Accordingly, waste reduction through source reduction and recycling has become increasingly important. Our purpose is to show how prevention, recycling and disposal of waste could be part of a theory of the firm. We first derive efficient production functions from production processes with was...

The urban built environment maintains the alluring prospect of being a source for our future resource needs. This work imagines new local recycling paradigms for concrete and masonry waste within an existing urban environment. Using Lisbon, Portugal as a case study, we proposed three context-specific material recycling scenarios to make use of mineral construction waste generated as the city’s ...

With the rapid development of economy and the increase of population, we are facing the stern challenge of lack of resources and environment pollution. Through the recycling of resources we can reduce the exploitation of native resources and save energy. At present, the level of recycling resources in Nanning city is quite low, as do the utilization rate of recovery. The recyclable resource log...

Materials are a strategic resource and the increasing prices for metals call for an optimized materials use. The prices for materials due to demands, growing faster than the production of virgin material, have put recycling in focus. The mindset “material hygiene” is a pedagogical concept aimed at managing compromises necessary to optimize materials use in products. Consideration to the entire ...

Supplying treated greywater within buildings delivers continuous additional resilience and improvements in water efficiency. This includes the making available (by substitution) of resources suitable for non-potable purposes such as flushing toilets. Thereby, overall daily consumption pristine potable other lower quality uses is reduced. The empirical measurement turbidity was confirmed an accu...

From the use of renewable resources and environmental protection viewpoints, recycling of waste printed circuit boards (PCBs) receives wide concerns as the amounts of scrap PCBs increases dramatically In recent years there has been increasing concern about the growing volume of end of life electronics and the fact that much of it is consigned to landfill w ithout any attempt being made to recyc...

Improved recycling of end-of-life vehicles (ELVs) may serve as an important strategy to address resource security risks related to increased global demand for scarce metals. However, in-depth knowledge of the magnitude and fate of such metals entering ELV recycling is lacking. This paper quantifies input of 25 scarce metals to Swedish ELV recycling, and estimates the extent to which they are re...