Neighborhood residential segregation by income has been increasing in the United States since 1970 at a higher rate than can be explained by rising income inequality alone. Nearly nine million Americans live in neighborhoods of extreme poverty, defined as those in which at least 40 percent of residents are poor. As income segregation has increased, minority children from low-income families who...

BACKGROUND Understanding how built environment characteristics influence recreational walking is of the utmost importance to develop population-level strategies to increase levels of physical activity in a sustainable manner. PURPOSE This study analyzes the residential and non-residential environmental correlates of recreational walking, using precisely geocoded activity space data. METHODS...

There is a substantial research literature on residential mobility in general, and the role of housing space in triggering moves in particular. The authors extend that research to mobility in British housing markets, using data from the British Household Panel Survey. They confirm the applicability of the general residential mobility model and also confirm the value both of pooled cross-section...

Residential location is thought to influence people's well-being, but different individuals may value residential areas differently. We examined how life satisfaction and personality traits are geographically distributed within the UK London metropolitan area, and how the strength of associations between personality traits and life satisfaction vary by residential location (i.e., personality-ne...

Objective measures of environmental attributes have been used to understand how neighborhood environments relate to physical activity. However, this method relies on detailed spatial data, which are often not easily available. Walk Score® is a free, publicly available web-based tool that shows how walkable a given location is based on objectively-derived proximity to several types of local dest...

Two landmark policy interventions to improve the lives of youth through neighborhood mobility-the Gautreaux program in Chicago and the Moving to Opportunity experiments in five cities-have produced conflicting results and created a puzzle with broad implications: Do residential moves between neighborhoods increase or decrease violence, or both? To address this question we analyze data from a su...

This ongoing prospective study examined characteristics of school neighborhood and neighborhood of residence as predictors of sick leave among school teachers. School neighborhood income data for 226 lower-level comprehensive schools in 10 towns in Finland were derived from Statistics Finland and were linked to registerbased data on 3,063 teachers with no long-term sick leave at study entry. Ou...

This paper studies whether, and how, parents respond to changing neighborhood quality through parental involvement. Empirical measurement of this response is complicated by neighborhood selection: through their residential location choices, parents have some control over neighborhood quality. To deal with neighborhood selection, I make use of the mass closures of public housing projects in Chic...

People who live in disadvantaged neighborhoods tend to have poor physical and mental health, but this might be due to selective residential mobility rather than causal neighborhood effects. As a test of social causation, I examined whether persons were less healthy when they were living in disadvantaged neighborhoods than at other times when they were living in more advantaged neighborhoods. Da...