We analyze the effect of applied research institutions on regional innovation activity. Exploiting a policy reform that created tertiary education conducting research, Universities Applied Sciences (UASs) in Switzerland, we apply difference-in-differences estimations to investigate their quantity and quality. Findings show 6.8% increase patenting activity (i.e., quantity), an patent quality up ...

§ Financial support from the KLAUS TSCHIRA FOUNDATION is gratefully acknowledged. Furthermore, we would like to thank participants at the 13th Annual Conference of The International Society for New Institutional Economics at the University of California at Berkeley, 2009, the participants of the Mika Widgrèn Memorial Workshop on Rules, Games and Democracy in Turku, September 7-9, 2009, as well ...

This study on prisoners' diseases and food conditions in the early days of operation of the Casa de Prisão com Trabalho (labor penitentiary) in Salvador, Bahia, analyzes prisoner strategies for obtaining medical treatment and decent food. In their resistance and struggle to achieve more breathing room within the new prison model, which authorities hoped to implement at Bahia's first penitentiar...

This article explores the relationship between individuals’ media use during incarceration and their re-entry experience. Previous research suggests that mass media may facilitate the transition from prison to the free world because they can normalise life in the penitentiary and keep prisoners informed about major events and developments in society. The findings of a quantitative study into th...

given in full, with their reasons for assigning the punishment for life only :? " We have ready made to our hands a weapon of tremendous power. The horror with which the people regard transportation is a feeling born with them, and the questions whether it bo a wise or foolish feeling, whether it be a just deduction from true premises, or the result of ignorance and superstition, are nothing to...

The authors investigated male juvenile delinquents' causal attributions about others' behavior and the salient pieces of information that the male juveniles used in arriving at their attributions. Participants were 82 male juvenile offenders whom the authors drew randomly from the population of juveniles who were incarcerated at a correctional facility. A concurrent mixed-methodological analysi...

OBJECTIVE To describe the state of research ethics policies and practices in health research institutions in sub-Saharan African countries. DESIGN A structured questionnaire was used to solicit information on research ethics from health research institutions. SETTING Forty-two sub-Saharan African countries. PARTICIPANTS Key informants from the health research institutions. MAIN OUTCOME ...