Peer-to-Peer (P2P) overlays provide a framework for building distributed applications consisting of few to many resources with features including self-configuration, scalability, and resilience to node failures. Such systems have been successfully adopted in large-scale Internet services for content delivery networks, file sharing, and data storage. In small-scale systems, they can be useful to...

Structured peer-to-peer overlays provide a natural infrastructure for resilient routing via efficient fault detection and precomputation of backup paths. These overlays can respond to faults in a few hundred milliseconds by rapidly shifting between alternate routes. In this paper, we present two adaptive mechanisms for structured overlays and illustrate their operation in the context of Tapestr...

Routing overlays aim to accomplish some of the anticipated advanced routing features of the Future Internet [1]. First, they are expected to achieve higher reliability than the current Internet by bridging between different AS and providing alternative routes in case of failures [2]. Second, routing overlays can implement interdomain performance management when choosing appropriate intermediary...

New overlay-based services aim to provide properties like resilience, availability or QoS. To achieve this, automatic organization and optimization is required, which again demands accurate information on the network. Collecting and exchanging this data has a significant impact on the network, especially if several overlays are used on the same host. In this paper, we provide a survey of the cu...

Recent developments including peer-to-peer networks and application-level multicast have generated interest in overlays, and by extension in algorithms for automatically maintaining overlay structures. In this paper, we present a self-organizing protocol for forming and managing overlays that scales to at least tens of thousands of nodes. Previous algorithms target small scale overlays and do n...

— While several deployed p2p le sharing overlays have been characterized in the literature, this paper shows that some of their conclusions may be false for p2p applications that stream media instead. Speci cally, we undertake a crawler-based investigation of PPLive, the largest live multimedia streaming system in the world today. It is important to understand IPTV overlays like PPLive in order...

Structured overlay networks is an important and interesting primitive that can be used by diverse peer-to-peer applications. Multiple overlays can result either because of network partitioning or (more likely) because different groups of peers build such overlays separately before coming in contact with each other and wishing to coalesce the overlays together. This paper is a first look into ho...

This study evaluates the pressure-reduction characteristics of seven mattress overlays. Thirty subjects were evaluated on each support surface to determine the interface pressures that are generated under the most common pressure sore sites. The results of this study indicate that there is great variability in the effectiveness of traditional mattress overlays. The most effective overlays are t...

Application-level overlays have emerged as a useful means of offering network services that are not supported by the underlying physical network. Most overlays employ proprietary dependability mechanisms to render them more resilient to node failure; but the use of proprietary approaches leads to duplication of effort during development and adds design complexity. In this paper we propose gener...