Anonymous routing protocols are used in MANET’s to hide the nodes from outsiders in order to protect from various attacks. HPAR partitions the network area dynamically into zones and chooses nodes in zones randomly as intermediate relay nodes .This relay nodes help in secure routing. In HPAR anonymity protection is given to source, destination and route. HPAR have low cost and provide high leve...

The use of microprocessor based multifunction relays is on the increase due to the advantages they offer such as communications, measurements, simplified wiring, and reduced space requirements. Since many protection functions are included in one device however, there has been some concern about providing adequate protection should a multifunction relay fail. A reliable protection scheme is very...

In this paper, we present a method to provide unequal error protection (UEP) for distributed sources in a two-source single-sink relay network scenario. A simple yet efficient technique to decompose the Robust Soliton Distribution (RSD) into two entirely different distributions by utilizing the concept of deconvolution is presented and these two different distributions are used at two different...

In this work statistical analyses were used in order to model the behavior of a protection relay and to investigate relationships among variables affecting the functioning of the tested software. The objective was to test the performance of the protection relay under high load. The results showed that statistical analyses were particularly a useful means for modeling the behavior of software, w...

Nowadays protection engineers are suffering from very complex implementations of protection system analysis due to massive quantities of inconsistent data, let alone coming from diverse intelligent electronic devices (IEDs). Thus, a novel Rough-Set-based data mining strategy has been formulated to resolve the inconsistency in a distance protective relay’s decision system (i.e. a transformed rel...

This paper is concerned with development of a technique for performance prediction of current transformers (CT), accurately. In this technique, a new optimized model from view-point of both computation time and memory is introduced in order to simulate the current transformers on digital computers. The introduced software in this paper in combination with relay tester equipments can be used ins...

In modern protection system the key challenge is the trade-off between the security demand (no false tripping), the speed of operations and the dependability requirements. To meet this challenge properly, the application of a novel Artificial Intelligence (AI) method, using fuzzy logic, in power system protection has been proposed in this paper along with the simulated data. The examined techni...

This paper investigates the impact on operating time delay and relay maloperation when 1,2 and 3 order analog antialiasing filters are used in numerical distance protection. RC filter with cut-off frequency 90 Hz is used. Simulations are carried out for different SIR (Source to line Impedance Ratio), load, fault type and fault conditions using SIMULINK, where the voltage and current signals are...

This paper deal with an analytical and simulation of the application of distance relay for the protection of line transmission high voltage 220 kV employing series capacitors compensating devices. A detailed modelling of series compensated (SC) is proposed and integrated in transmission system. The studies also include different challenges which the protection engineer may face such as current ...

The inclusion of distributed energy resources (DER) in Microgrids (MGs) comes at the expense increased changes current direction and magnitude. In autonomous mode MG operation, penetration synchronous generators (DGs) induces lower short circuit than when operates grid-connected mode. Such behavior impacts overcurrent relays makes protection coordination difficult. This paper introduces a novel...