Using a sample of 949 Scottish farms with finishing cattle, the spatial distribution of Escherichia coli O157-positive farms was investigated using disease mapping models. The overall prevalence of E. coli O157-positive farms was estimated as 22%. The regions used in this study were the 16 postcode areas of Scotland. For each region, the posterior relative risk (RR) was estimated as a model-bas...

The rate of growth of the partial quotients of an irrational number is studied relative to the rate of approximation of the number by its convergents. The focus is on the Hausdorff dimension of exceptional sets on which different growth rates are achieved. In this note we look at the rate of growth of the partial quotients ai of the irrational number x = [a1, a2, . . . ] = 1 a1 + 1 a2 + 1 a3 + ...

We derive the relative entropy between two Markov transition rate matrices from sample path considerations. This relative entropy is interpreted as a \level 2.5" large deviations action functional. That is, the level two large deviations action functional for empirical distributions of continuous-time Markov chains can be derived from the relative entropy using the contraction mapping principle...

Fusion of the information provided by distributed sensors is important in the future pervasive computing systems. The objective of this paper is to quantify the relative amount of information delivered by individual sensors in a distributed sensor system. To formalize our approach, we consider the problem of fusing the statistical information obtained using low-rate sensor recordings viðnÞ in o...

A new method is presented for the reconstruction of the radiocarbon production rate from the measured relative abundance of ∆14C. The method treats the carbon cycle as a linear Fourier filter and thus allows for the correct and unambiguous inversion of the carbon cycle. The 14C production rate, as reconstructed by the Fourier filter method, agrees with the results obtained by the traditional it...

This paper presents two investigations into articulation rate, or the distribution of segmental duration, in a Finnish language speech corpus. The first study, rank ordering of short utterances according to their component words’ articulation rate, reveals that 75 % or more of Finnish utterances can be expected show some level of final lengthening. Also initial shortening, or accelerated speaki...

methylene blue is widely used in various industrial branches. due to insufficient treatment, its occurrence in wastewater is frequently detected, which may result in serious environment problems to aquatic organisms. hydroponic experiments were conducted with rice seedlings (oryza sativa l. cv. xzx 45) exposed to methylene blue to determine the effective concentration using relative growth rate...