background: the students’ vulnerability to different problems can have an impact on their mental health. regarding the lack of evidence on the effectiveness of interventional programs based on health education planning models in this area in developing countries, an educational-participatory program based on the precede model was used, to promote the medical science students’ self-esteem and me...

background : regular physical activity is important for midlife women. models and theories help better understanding this behavior among middle-aged women and better planning for change behavior in target group. this study aimed to investigate predictive factors of regular physical activity among middle-aged women based on precede model as a theoretical framework. methods : this descriptive-ana...

A questionnaire survey was administered to 317 parents who attended infant health check-ups in City B, Okayama Prefecture between October, 2008 and March, 2009. The questionnaire survey studied 7 factors based on the PRECEDE-PROCEED Model. We analysed factors that affected oral health behaviour and attendance at scheduled dental health check-ups. The survey containing 22 items concerning matter...

Rationale: Amphetamine abuse by adolescents predicts long-term drug dependence. Heightened vulnerability to drug abuse could be due to higher sensitivity to drug’s reinforcing effects. Rodents are used to study age-related sensitivities to drugs. Objective: We compared intravenous amphetamine self-administration between adolescent and adult male rats on an operant schedule of reinforcement meas...

Saccadic endpoint variability is often viewed as the outcome of neural noise occurring during sensorimotor processing. However, part of this variability might result from operant learning. We tested this hypothesis by reinforcing dispersions of saccadic amplitude distributions, while maintaining constant their medians. In a first experiment we reinforced the least frequent saccadic amplitudes t...

a b s t r a c t abstract- methamphetamine has rapidly become more prominent in iran, which is now second most common drug behind heroin. moreover, initiation of methamphetamine abuse is a major cause of failure of opioid treatment programs such as methadone maintenance treatment. this calls for development of more effective treatment methods for methamphetamine addiction, and especially develop...

weight to a finding published a decade ago by the group at St Jude Children’s Research Hospital. That finding stated that patients with low TPMT activity receiving 6-MP in combination with radiotherapy have increased risk of SMNs.6 The paper leaves many questions unanswered. Whether this association is caused by 6-MP therapy alone or whether high-dose MTX given along with 6-MP in maintenance co...

W all have been taught sound practices since childhood. Remember the ol’ dental mantra of “don’t forget to brush your teeth after each meal”? Those instructions were soon augmented with a warning that brushing alone was not enough, and that flossing and regular check-ups were needed to reinforce brushing and prevent the development of dental maladies. Our experience with these routines over our...

This paper studies the evaluation of routing algorithms from the perspective of reachability routing, where the goal is to determine all paths between a sender and a receiver. Reachability routing is becoming relevant with the changing dynamics of the Internet and the emergence of low-bandwidth wireless/ad-hoc networks. We make the case for reinforcement learning as the framework of choice to r...