BACKGROUND Belching has been proposed as a major mechanism underlying acid gastro-oesophageal reflux in normal subjects. However, the presence of oesophageal gas has not been measured directly but only inferred from manometry. AIMS To investigate, using intraluminal electrical impedance, the patterns of gas and liquid reflux during transient lower oesophageal sphincter (LOS) relaxations, the ...

OBJECTIVE To systematically review published literature describing the association between reflux and upper airway symptoms in children. DESIGN Structured MEDLINE search of English-language articles published since 1966. SUBJECTS We selected articles examining reflux in conjunction with stridor, apnea, sudden infant death syndrome, life-threatening events, and laryngomalacia. Studies that f...

We analyzed the frequency of vesicoureteral reflux and the factors that favor its appearance after kidney transplantation in pediatric patients. This retrospective analysis examined the prevalence of post-transplant vesicoureteral reflux in a total of 181 kidney transplants performed in children at our center between 1978 and 2004. In patients who required corrective surgery for this problem, w...

BACKGROUND/AIMS Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) may occur with acid, bile or in a mixed form. Endoscopic injury and mucosal metaplasia are a known sequelae to pathological GERD. The aim of the study was to determine the contribution of acid and duodenogastroesophageal reflux to endoscopic severity in patients with GERD and Barrett's esophagus (BE). MATERIALS AND METHODS Ninety-one pati...

OBJECTIVE To describe the natural history of intraocular pressure (IOP) within the first 30 minutes after intravitreal injection of triamcinolone acetonide (TA). DESIGN Prospective, interventional, consecutive case series. PARTICIPANTS Thirty-eight consecutive patients who met inclusion and exclusion criteria and underwent intravitreal injection of 0.1 ml (4 mg) of TA were studied. METHOD...

Preoperative venous duplex scanning has revealed unexpected deep venous incompetence in patients with apparently only varicose veins. Acting on the hypothesis that the deep vein reflux was secondary to deep vein dilation caused by reflux volume, the following was done. Between July 1990 and April 1993, 29 limbs in 21 patients (16 females) were examined by color-flow duplex imaging to determine ...

PURPOSE When children are initially diagnosed with vesicoureteral reflux most undergo a period of antibiotic prophylaxis followed by serial imaging. Although improvement in reflux grade through time presumably predicts eventual resolution, the significance of changing grade through time is unknown. We examined whether improvement in reflux on serial imaging predicts resolution. MATERIALS AND ...

Esophagitis in cats and dogs is a consequence of increased exposure the esophageal mucosa to gastroduodenal reflux. Causes can include anesthesia-related reflux, frequent vomiting, or lodged foreign bodies. An exception eosinophilic esophagitis, an emerging primary inflammatory disease esophagus with presumed allergic etiology. Reflux esophagitis owing lower sphincter incompetence often suspect...

Objective: To assess the knowledge and practice of pediatricians about infants with physiological reflux and gastroesophageal reflux disease. Methods: 140 pediatricians were interviewed during two scientific events in 2009 and 2010. The questions referred to two clinical cases of infants. One with symptoms of infant regurgitation (physiological reflux) and another with gastroesophageal reflux d...

OBJECTIVE Reflux is the principal complication for patients after esophagectomy with gastric reconstruction. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of the modified Nissen fundoplication after resection of adenocarcinoma from the esophagogastric junction (AEG) on controlling the reflux and the role of duodenogastroesophageal reflux (DGER) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) expression leve...