In order to improve the performance of X-band dual-polarization radars, it is necessary to conduct attenuation correction before using the X-band radar data. This study analyzes a variety of attenuation correction methods for the X-band radar reflectivity, and proposes a high-resolution slide self-consistency correction (SSCC) method, which is an improvement of Kim et al.’s method based on Brin...

We present an experimental study of the impact of FWM-induced nonlinear spectral broadening on the effective reflectivity of ultra-long Raman fiber laser cavities of diverse lengths and fiber bases. We observe an exponential decay of the effective reflectivity with growing power. In standard single-mode fiber, effective reflectivity drops of up to 50% for shorter cavity lengths are observed, wh...

This research places self-handicapping and defensive pessimism (comprising defensive expectations and reflectivity) into a single conceptual and analytic framework that models the full self-protective process across time. Data on two occasions collected during students (n 1⁄4 328) first two years at university show: performance orientation positively predicts self-handicapping, defensive expect...

Over the last few years reflectivity methods have emerged as key tools for the investigation of polymer surfaces and interfaces. The high spatial resolution of these techniques, of the order of 5 A, has provided a means of probing density gradients in polymers on a submolecular level. This resolution, coupled with selective labeling of all or parts of polymer chains has permitted the examinatio...

Recently, the authors have succeeded in realizing X-ray reflectivity imaging of heterogeneous ultrathin films at specific wavevector transfers by applying a wide parallel beam and an area detector. By combining in-plane angle and grazing-incidence angle scans, it is possible to reconstruct a series of interface-sensitive X-ray reflectivity images at different grazing-incidence angles (proportio...

The soft X-ray reflectivity characterization of Mo/Si multilayer deposited by electron beam evaporation is discussed. The measurements are performed on Indus-1 synchrotron storage ring. The interdiffusion of two-layer materials in multilayer leads to the formation of interlayers. To understand the influence of interlayers and interfacial roughness on soft X-ray reflectivity profile, simulation ...

Multiparameter radar measurements of rainfall, namely, reflectivity factor ZH , differential reflectivity ZDR , and specific differential phase KDP lie in a constrained threedimensional (3-D) space and therefore measurement of ZH , ZDR , or KDP should be consistent with the other two. This selfconsistency relationship between ZH , ZDR , and KDP is valid when the radar resolution volume is homog...

Summary White reflectivity is not a fundamental assumption in the convolutional models. However the deconvolution algorithms should be modified slightly to honour color in the reflectivity series. This color correction is just possible when enough well-log information is available to build a mathematical model for the regional reflectivity. A method for correcting reflectivity color effects in ...

One prevailing assumption in reflection seismology is that the observed trace can be described as a convolution of a source wavelet with the Earth’s reflectivity plus some noise. In a conventional deconvolution approach one thus estimates a linear deconvolution filter to retrieve the reflectivity series from the observed data. This amounts to taking linear combinations of noisy observations and...

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