Although some studies show that the upper esophageal sphincter (UES) contracts during transient lower esophageal sphincter relaxation (TLESR), others show that it relaxes. We hypothesized that the posture of the subject and constituents of gastroesophageal reflux (GER) may determine the type of UES response during the TLESR. High-resolution manometry and esophageal pH/impedance recording were p...

Perforation of a hollow viscus is an acute abdominal drama and the accurate diagnosis highly depends on demonstration of free intra­pritoneal air. The importance of adequate examination in the demonstration of ,tiny amount ()ff air is stressed and the value of an upright chest film when the horizontal beam is tangential to the top of the diaphragm is mentioned. Before standing for chest x-ray t...

BACKGROUND It is more common for women in both high- and low-income countries giving birth in health facilities, to labour in bed. There is no evidence that this is associated with any advantage for women or babies, although it may be more convenient for staff. Observational studies have suggested that if women lie on their backs during labour this may have adverse effects on uterine contractio...

IMPORTANCE More than one-third of adults and 17% of youth in the United States are obese, although the prevalence remained stable between 2003-2004 and 2009-2010. OBJECTIVE To provide the most recent national estimates of childhood obesity, analyze trends in childhood obesity between 2003 and 2012, and provide detailed obesity trend analyses among adults. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS W...

Orthopnea is a common complaint in patients with chronic cardiac decompensation. The frequent association of orthopnea and pulmonary congestion has properly led many authors to regard congestion of the lungs as an important factor in the genesis of dyspnea in the recumbent position, the symptom being favorably modified in the upright position. There has, however, been no general agreement regar...

Rubber mats offer a possibility to increase lying comfort for sows with positive effects on sow lying behavior and health. However, until now, no information has been reported about the relationship between the softness of rubber mats and the pressure load on certain body areas of sows. We used a total of 68 (40 multiparous, 28 primiparous) German Landrace × German Landrace sows with a BW withi...

OBJECTIVE To determine the effect of sliding humeral osteotomy (SHO) on frontal plane thoracic limb alignment in standing and recumbent limb positions. STUDY DESIGN Canine cadaveric study. SAMPLE POPULATION Canine thoracic limbs (n=15 limb pairs). METHODS Limbs acquired from healthy Labrador Retrievers euthanatized for reasons unrelated to this study were mounted in a limb press and align...

Facilitation of leg muscle activity by active arm movements during locomotor tasks could be beneficial during gait rehabilitation after spinal cord injury. The present study explored the effects of arm movements on leg muscle activity during submaximal recumbent stepping. Healthy subjects exercised on a recumbent stepping machine both with and without arm movements. Activity of five leg muscles...