The importance of minor histocompatibility genes in corneal graft rejection was investigated using a model that simulates the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) and minor mismatches of the human allograft more accurately than previous animal models. DA(RT1a) x LEW(RT1(1]F1 hybrid rats were backcrossed to LEW, and the backcross generation were used as corneal graft recipients. Female DA(RT1a...

Abstract This study examines the impact of international remittances on children’s education in families that receive Pakistan. Remittances sent from overseas migrants play many roles. At household level, workers’ are an important source income for recipient households and used a wide range purposes, including daily consumption migrants’ children and/or siblings. South Asia is largest remittanc...

the reduction in regional differences to stop the movement and displacement of human forces and capital in the direction of preparing the ground for development is very effective. development means boosting human potentials for the improved utilization of his environment. rational utilization depends on economical, social and cultural particulars. therefore any kind of condition that is effecti...

purpose: to determine stereopsis with local (titmus) and global (tno) tests in symptomatic and asymptomatic subjects according to induced disparity (crossed or uncrossed). methods: in this cross sectional study, 80 students of zahedan university of medical sciences who fulfilled the inclusion criteria were randomly selected. at first, refractive error was determined by retinoscopy and then base...

Background: The most common type of apnea among premature newborns is idiopathic apnea of prematurity. Recurrent apnea can lead to hypoxemia and central nervous system damage. Although caffeine and theophylline are the most commonly prescribed drugs in this field, there is disagreement about which medicine is preferred. The purpose of this study was to compare the ther...

Cellular xenograft rejection involves a pronounced contribution of CD4 T-cells recognizing antigens in association with recipient MHC class II molecules. However, the requirement for such "indirect" antigen recognition for acute islet xenograft is not clear, especially as a function of the phylogenetic disparity between the donor and recipient species. In vitro studies show that C57BL/6 (B6) mo...

Transplantation of hematopoietic stem cells from human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-compatible unrelated volunteer donors have become feasible for more than 70% of patients without a family match. Chronic myeloid leukemia is the most common indication for unrelated donor marrow transplantation. The 5year survival for patients up the age of 50 years has improved to 75% with transplantation in the chr...

BACKGROUND Human leukocyte antigen (HLA) matching strategies for kidney transplantation assign equal weighting to mismatches at a particular locus and take no account of variation in immunogenicity according to recipient HLA type. We examined the ability of intra- and interlocus analysis of amino-acid polymorphisms at continuous (triplet) and discontinuous positions (eplet) defined by the HLAMa...

Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT) remains the only potentially curative option for variety of hematologic disorders. Lack of a suitable fully HLA-matched donor limits this option for many patients. Without a suitable related or unrelated HLA-matched donor, umbilical cord blood and haploidentical family members provide a potential source of stem cells. Timely donor availabilit...

The major histocompatibility complex (MHC) in the mouse is the strongest barrier to allograft survival. One measure of MHC disparity is the mixed leuk,ocyte culture (MLC) test in which lymphocytes from a potential recipient strain, respond to mitomycin C treated lymphocytes of a different donor strain, for example, in the mixture ABm. The MHC in the mouse can be divided into four different regi...