A new species of Onosma L. (Boraginaceae: Lithospermeae), from the Hakkari province eastern Turkey, is described and illustrated. The endemic distributed in a narrow area Sat Mountains. Taxonomically closest relative satensis sp. nov. O. polioxantha Rech. f. which also occurs Turkey. In addition, it primarily distinguished by its navicular leaves, longer reticulate cauline pedicels calyx, dense...

The cytotoxic chloroform fraction of Euphorbia aellenii Rech. F. (Euphorbiaceae) afforded two new phorbol diterpenoids: 4-deoxy-4α-phorbol-12-(2,3-dimethyl) butyrate-13-isobutyrate and 17-hydroxy-4-deoxy-4α-phorbol-12-(2,3-dimethyl) butyrate-13-isobutyrate. Their structures were elucidated by NMR and other spectroscopic methods. The immunomodulating potentials of the isolated compounds were tes...

regions (Dobzhansky 1950, MacArthur 1969, Schemske 2002, Schemske et al. 2009). A priori, one might indeed expect that species with broad niches inhabit temperate environments, as lower productivity and more seasonal and inter-annual fl uctuations in climate and resources should select for morphological, physiological and behavioral traits that allow foraging on a broad range of food types (Was...

The genus Astrantia L. is a perennial plant which belongs to the Umbelliferae family and is represented by only A. maxima Pallas which has two subspecies (subsp. maxima and subsp. haradjianii (Grintz.) Rech. fil.) in Turkey. Subsp. haradjianii is endemic and very common. In this study, Astrantia specimens were collected from different localities and investigated for morphological and anatomical...