background: the aim of this study was to compare the effects of diode laser irradiation on wound healing in oral rat mucosa and also to measure the amount of inducible nitric oxide synthase (inos) and endothelial nos (enos) on oral wound healing. healing was assessed by histology and the amounts of enos and inos were measured by real‑time polymerase chain reaction (pcr). materials and methods: ...

background: in diabetes mellitus because of the absence or insufficient sensitivity to insulin, glucose transporter protein in cell membrane, glucose transporter 4, is decreased. glut4 is the major glucose transporter in skeletal muscle and adipose tissue, which is under control of insulin. it remains, however, unclear whether cinnamaldehyde plays a regulatory role(s) or not. objectives: the ob...

background influenza type a (h1n1) causes an epidemic disease, resulting in thousands of deaths throughout the world. objectives our aim was comparing the efficacy of two different methods in isolating the influenza (h1n1) virus including cell culture and real-time pcr in tabriz and suburbs. patients and methods of throat swab samples, 220 were collected in viral transport medium (vtm) from pat...

objectives the cause of rheumatoid arthritis (ra) as a chronic inflammatory autoimmune disease is still unknown. it appears that both genetic and environmental factors play a role in its pathogenesis. recent studies reveal that in addition to the cns, immune cells synthesis neurotransmitters so that these catecholamines can regulate immune functions. the aim of this study is to evaluate the dop...

The polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is a powerful and widely used technique that has greatly advanced our ability to analyze genes. Genomic deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) present in cells contains many thousands of genes. This makes it difficult to isolate and analyze any individual gene. PCR allows specific DNA sequences, usually corresponding to genes or parts of genes, to be copied from genomic...