Dyed microspheres have been developed as a new method for validation of ultraviolet (UV) reactor systems. When properly applied, dyed microspheres allow measurement of the UV dose distribution delivered by a photochemical reactor for a given operating condition. Prior to this research, dyed microspheres had only been applied to a bench-scale UV reactor. The goal of this research was to extend t...

The application of elaborately designed magnetic catalysts has long been limited to ease their separation from the products only. In this paper, we for the first time employed a magnetic sulphonated poly(styrene-divinylbenzene) resin catalyst on a magnetically stabilized-bed (MSB) reactor to enhance the etherification of fluidized catalytic cracking (FCC) light gasoline, one of the most importa...

The conversion of acetic acid to methane and carbon dioxide by a mixed methanogenic population from an anaerobic fixed-film digestor was stimulated by the addition of nickel (100 nM) and cobalt (50 nM) and especially by the addition of these elements in combination. Molybdenum addition (50 nM) was only slightly stimulatory when added in combination with both nickel and cobalt. The addition of t...

The influences of organic loading disturbances on the process performance of a thermophilic anaerobic contact reactor treating potato-processing wastewater were investigated. For this purpose, while the reactor was operated at steady state conditions with organic loading rate of 5.5 kg COD/m(3) · day, an instant acetate concentration increase (1 g/L) was introduced to the reactor. During the sh...

the performance of a plug flow electrocoagulation reactor for the treatment of cattle abattoir(slaughterhouse) wastewater was investigated. a cylindrical iron reactor was operated as a cathode at arecycling batch mode while three iron rods located at the center of the reactor were used as an anode. theeffects of different parameters, including the current density, the supporting electrolyte dos...

The successful operation of a high-rate anaerobic reactor, up flow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) reactor depends on the prevailing physico-chemical and biological conditions during its operation. The wastewater characteristics and composition, the hydrodynamics of the process, and microbial activity are critical for achieving long term, optimal reactor performance. Modeling UASBs can be benef...

This article describes an in−depth follow−up to previous studies showing that an oil−methanol mixer prior to an RD reactor played an important role in enhancing the overall performance of the RD reactor system. An in−line static mixer was used for the purpose of providing initial mixing of the reactants, heating the mixture up to the desired operating temperature, and carrying out a substantial...

A method for scale up of UV/AOP reactors is outlined that uses bench scale testing to determine the UV dose required per log destruction (DL) of a particular contaminant. This can then be used in CFD Modeling to size a full-scale UV reactor and to test the reactor in performance trials. Methods for calculating dose based on the path length distribution in a UV reactor are given.