Underactuated systems are one of the emerging research topics due to their challenging problems and applications in real-world engineering systems. In this paper, we consider control problem balancing reaction wheel pendulum. Many methods have been adopted system common controls is based on sliding mode (SMC). SMC, chattering phenomenon its solution widely discussed. Several approaches proposed...

Comproportionation reactions between MnCl2 and KMnO4 in the presence of arsonate or phosphonate ligands promote the cation-assisted assembly of high-nuclearity, wheel-shaped or toroidal {Mn8} () and {Mn24} () complexes; the closely corresponding reaction systems provide insights into the complexation behaviour of homologous phosphonate/arsonate ligand species.

Background Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is the most frequent female endocrine disorder that affects 5-10% of women. PCOS is characterized by hyperandrogenism, oligo-/anovulation, and polycystic ovaries. The aim of the present research is to evaluate the expression of steroidogenic acute regulatory protein (StAR) and aromatase (CYP19) mRNA in the ovaries of an estradiol valerate (EV)-induc...

OBJECTIVE For patients with Parkinson's disease (PD), driving is challenging due to an impaired motor function and decreased attention capabilities. This study assessed the driving capacity in PD patients by comparing neurological signs. METHODS The driving ability of PD patients was evaluated using a driving simulator (Safety Master NT-932) that tested the reaction time in response to traffi...

Apart from regular wheel wear such as decreasing wheel diameters and reduced flange thicknesses and heights, wheel flats (WF) and oval wheels (or OOR, Out-Of-Roundness) are the most common wheelset problems for railway vehicles. Within the FP7 Research Project “Saferail”, APT has developed an innovative wheelset monitoring system so-called “Wheel flat and Out of Roundness Monitoring (WORM) syst...