NATURE PHOTONICS | VOL 4 | DECEMBER 2010 | www.nature.com/naturephotonics X-ray imaging at the nanoand microscale is of great interest for applications in the physical and life sciences. !e associated wavelength range1 extends from a few nanometres to a small fraction of a nanometre, o"ering the potential to image objects at this spatial resolution. !e concomitant photon energies of such wavele...

A transmission x-ray imaging setup based on a confocal combination of a polycapillary focusing x-ray optic followed by a polycapillary collimating x-ray optic was designed and demonstrated to have good resolution, better than the unmagnified pixel size and unlimited by the x-ray tube spot size. This imaging setup has potential application in x-ray imaging for small samples, for example, for his...

Introduction: Teaching styles and methods have been constantly changing in the recent years. In the 1980s and 90s, the world was introduced to various developed devices, such as smart boards and early generation smart phones that had an immediate innovative effect on education. These advancements has resulted in a considerable improvement in the current educational techniques. The innovations i...

It has become an inevitable development that X-ray digital imaging detectors replace film-screen. The imaging quality of X-ray digital detector could not reach the level of film-screen due to its unique characteristics. It is the key that to research the method of improving and optimizing the digital imaging quality. The main factors to impact X-ray digital imaging quality is inherent non-unifo...

Background: In general, radiotherapy treatment planning is performed using the virtual bolus. It is necessary to investigate physical bolus in comparison to virtual one. Objectives: In the present study, first, radiological properties of superflab Gel bolus and Paraffin wax bolus was investigated in terms of their relative electron density. Then, dosimetric performance of both the bolus (...

Recently, there has been significant progress in the field of soft- and hard-X-ray imaging for a wide range of applications, both technically and scientifically, via developments in sources, optics and imaging methodologies. While one community is pursuing extensive applications of available X-ray tools, others are investigating improvements in techniques, including new optics, higher spatial r...