Cosmic rays are particles from the upper atmosphere, which often leave bright spots and trails in images telescope charge-coupled devices (CCDs). We investigate so-called “fat” cosmic seen Vera C. Rubin Observatory Subaru Telescope. These tracks much wider brighter than typical ray therefore more capable of obscuring data science images. By understanding origins these tracks, we can better ensu...

Spectromicroscopy with the imaging technique of X-ray photoelectron emission microscopy (X-PEEM) is a microchemical analytical tool installed in many synchrotron radiation laboratories, and which is finding application in diverse fields of research. The method of sample analysis, X-ray absorption spectroscopy, does not encounter the same problems as X-ray photoemission spectroscopy when sample ...

JUNGFRAU (adJUstiNg Gain detector FoR the Aramis User station) is a two-dimensional hybrid pixel detector for photon science applications at free-electron lasers and synchrotron light sources. The JUNGFRAU 0.4 prototype presented here is specifically geared towards low-noise performance and hence soft X-ray detection. The design, geometry and readout architecture of JUNGFRAU 0.4 correspond to t...

We develop a microscopic model for the interaction of small rare-gas clusters with soft x-ray radiation from a free electron laser. It is shown that, while the overall charging of the clusters is rather low, unexpectedly high atomic charge states can arise due to charge imbalances inside the cluster. These findings are explained by an increased absorption via inverse bremsstrahlung due to high ...

Phase sensitive soft-x-ray microscopy methods enable the study of specimens for which phase effects are a prevalent contrast mechanism. One way to detect these phase effects is to optically implement the radial Hilbert transform by using spiral zone plates (SZPs), which results in the isotropic measurement of the amplitude and phase gradient in a sample. Soft-x-ray microscopy using an SZP as a ...

The evolution of electronic (spin and charge) excitations upon carrier doping is an extremely important issue in superconducting layered cuprates and the knowledge of its asymmetry between electron-and hole-dopings is still fragmentary. Here we combine x-ray and neutron inelastic scattering measurements to track the doping dependence of both spin and charge excitations in electron-doped materia...

The evolution of electronic (spin and charge) excitations upon carrier doping is an extremely important issue in superconducting layered cuprates and the knowledge of its asymmetry between electron- and hole-dopings is still fragmentary. Here we combine X-ray and neutron inelastic scattering measurements to track the doping dependence of both spin and charge excitations in electron-doped materi...

Standard X-ray crystallography methods use free-atom models to calculate mean unit-cell charge densities. Real molecules, however, have shared charge that is not captured accurately using free-atom models. To address this limitation, a charge density model of crystalline urea was calculated using high-level quantum theory and was refined against publicly available ultra-high-resolution experime...

Mixed-valence manganese oxides present striking properties like the colossal magnetoresistance, metal-insulator transition (MIT) that may result from coexistence of ferromagnetic, metallic and insulating phases. Percolation of such phase coexistence in the vicinity of MIT leads to first-order transition in these manganites. However the length scales over which the electronic and magnetic phases...

Magnesium is considered one of the most promising materials for reversible hydrogen storage, because it has high storage capacity. However, the high thermodynamic stability of magnesium hydride is unfavorable for dehydrogenation processes. Understanding the bonding nature of Mg and H is essential for improving its dehydrogenation performance. Therefore, the charge density distribution in MgH2 w...