driven precast reinforced concrete piles (dprcp) is extensively used as a foundation for bridges constructed over canals in egypt in order to avoid the diversion of water canals. the objectives of this research include identifying the main activities of dprcp execution in the bridge-construction industry in egypt and the risk factors affecting them. in addition, assessment of the effects of the...

It is shown that membership in rational subsets of wreath products H ≀ V with H a finite group and V a virtually free group is decidable. On the other hand, it is shown that there exists a fixed finitely generated submonoid in the wreath product Z ≀ Z with an undecidable membership problem.

It is shown that membership in rational subsets of wreath products H ≀ V with H a finite group and V a virtually free group is decidable. On the other hand, it is shown that there exists a fixed finitely generated submonoid in the wreath product Z ≀ Z with an undecidable membership problem.

A major debate in the study of word learning centers on the extension of categories to new items. The rational approach assumes that learners make structured inferences about category membership, whereas the mechanistic approach emphasizes the attentional and memory processes that form the basis of generalization behaviors. Recent support for the rational view comes from observations of the sus...

In this paper we continue to investigate the important parameter of global warming a heat wave that has no unique definition and represents the constellation of different factors such as e.g., heat index (temperature + humidity), time periods of excessive heat, etc. We find typical characteristics of heat indexes during different time periods, using most typical fuzzy expected values. Trapezoid...

In principle, we can have many different membership functions. Interestingly, however, in many practical applications, triangular and trapezoidal membership functions are the most efficient ones. In this paper, we use fuzzy approach to explain this empirical phenomenon.

In this paper we used a two-step procedure for the numerical translation of verbal frequency expressions of the response scale of a questionnaire (STAI-T). In an empirical study, 70 participants estimated numerical equivalents for verbal frequency expressions, data was modeled, and fuzzy membership functions were calculated. Results show that the scale’s visual arrangement does not influence th...

In this paper, the texture feature ”coarseness” is modelled by means of a fuzzy partition on the domain of coarseness measures. The number of linguistic labels to be used, and the parameters of the membership functions associated to each fuzzy set are calculated relating representative coarseness measures (our reference set) with the human perception of this texture property. A wide variety of ...

The current research is devoted to developing methods of a novel mathematical interpretation of term-sets of linguistic variables. To the term-sets of the linguistic variables fuzzy sets are assigned. We intend to adopt the sfunctions and the π-functions to derive formulas of membership functions of these sets. The fuzzy sets are divided in three families in the case of an odd number of the ter...