OVERVIEW: Container inspection is categorized into three stages. In the initial stage, large-size X-ray DR (digital radiography) is used to inspect full containers sitting on their trailers. If that inspection identifies suspicious cargo, the trailer and container are relocated to a nearby inspection position for opening the container and inspecting all cargo inside. In the second stage, small-...

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the mean glandular dose with a solid state detector and the image quality in a direct radiography system, utilizing phantoms. MATERIALS AND METHODS Irradiations were performed with automatic exposure control and polymethyl methacrylate slabs with different thicknesses to calculate glandular dose values. The image quality was evaluated by means of the structures visualize...

In this paper, we present the results of mammography quality control tests related to the work with Portuguese mammography equipment, either in conventional or in digital mammography computed radiography, showing the main differences in the tested equipments. Quality control in mammography is a very special area of quality control in radiology, which demands relatively high knowledge on physics...

In accordance with a questionnaire survey of diagnostic X-ray equipment enforced in 2005, this report was focused mainly on a photography device. The paper questionnaire was mailed to 667 institutions, and the collection rate was 20.4%. Introductions of digital photographic devices are progressing and flat panel detectors (FPD) are spreading in addition to computed radiography (CR). Examination...

Current advances in neonatal care not only include medical equipment designed for small infants, such as advances in incubators used to maintain infant body temperatures at a constant level and ventilators able to gently control respiration in even the lungs of newborns that weigh less than 1000 grams, but also clearly include major contributions from developments in drugs, such as artificial l...

We develop a mathematical model to find the optimal inspection strategy for detecting a nuclear weapon (or nuclear material to make a weapon) from being smuggled into the United States in a shipping container, subject to constraints of port congestion and an overall budget. We consider an 11-layer security system consisting of shipper certification, container seals, and a targeting software sys...

BACKGROUND Airway collapse is a common finding in dogs with chronic cough, yet the diagnosis can be difficult to confirm without specialty equipment. HYPOTHESIS Bronchoscopic documentation of tracheobronchial collapse will show better agreement with fluoroscopic imaging than with standard radiography. ANIMALS Forty-two dogs prospectively evaluated for chronic cough. METHODS In this prospe...

Introduction Imagine the excitement accompanying the first realization that noninvasive visualization of bones was possible. German physicist Wilhelm Conrad Roentgen was working in a darkened room on November 8, 1895, experimenting with electrical charges flowing through a vacuum tube, when a piece of paper coated with barium platinum cyanide glowed. Coincidentally, it had been left near a card...