Polydactyly is one of the most co mmon congenital limb dysplasia frequently observed in fa rm anima ls and varies e xpressivity. He rein, a preliminary investigation on inheritance types polydactylyin hundred four (104) ducklings produced by seven (7) mating g roups (MGs) different genotypes werereported. These were from non descript random bred population Muscovy ducks Netherlands data generat...

Sonic hedgehog (Shh) expression during limb development is crucial for specifying the identity and number of digits. The spatial pattern of Shh expression is restricted to a region called the zone of polarizing activity (ZPA), and this expression is controlled from a long distance by the cis-regulator ZRS. Here, members of two groups of ETS transcription factors are shown to act directly at the...

BACKGROUND Polydactyly represents a heterogeneous group of congenital hand and foot anomalies with variable clinical features and diverse etiology. Preaxial polydactyly type I (PPD1) is the most frequent form of preaxial polydactyly. The etiology of sporadic PPD1 remains largely unknown and the relative contribution of genetic and environmental factors is not clearly defined. The primary goals ...

BACKGROUND The intron 5 of gene LMBR1 is the cis-acting regulatory module for the sonic hedgehog (SHH) gene. Mutation in this non-coding region is associated with preaxial polydactyly, and may play crucial roles in the evolution of limb and skeletal system. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS We sequenced a region of the LMBR1 gene intron 5 in East Asian human population, and found a significant d...

RATIONALE Heptadactylia is a rare congenital disorder from the polydactyly family. Polydactyly is generally classified into 3 major groups: preaxial (medial ray), postaxial (lateral ray), and central polydactyly. Most common cases are related to preaxial or postaxial polydactyly. The rarity of central polydactyly can be explained in 3 ways. First, central polydactyly with duplication appearing ...

Polydactyly is perhaps one of the most common congenital hand and foot anomalies. Tetrapolydactyly (polydactyly 24) is a very rare form of hand and foot anomalies. Postaxial ray polydactyly usually occurs in male blacks without associated congenital abnormalities. We report a case of postaxial ray tetrapolydactyly in a female neonate which occurred sporadically and without associated congenital...

  This case report presents a case of Fanconi’s Anemia with an unusual thumb polydactyly in a 2-year old boy. The extra thumb had no nail, nail bed and distal phalanx. The extra thumb had no active motion.The duplication of the thumb occurred at the carpometacarpal joint but its morphology did not match with any classification described for thumb polydactyly. Although his thumb polydactyly was ...

INTRODUCTION "On-top" and "side-to-side" plasties are techniques used for treating thumb duplications in which one thumb is adequate proximally and the other thumb contains a better pulp and nail distally. The detailed functional results of these techniques have not been reported in the literature. We report on two cases. PRESENTATION OF CASES The first case had Wassel type VI duplication. Th...

Neonatal hydrometrocolpos (HMC) is a rare Mullerian duct anomaly with an incidence of 0.006%. It occurs due to blockage of the vagina with accumulation of mucus secretions proximal to the obstacle. These secretions are secondary to intrauterine and postnatal stimulation of uterine and cervical glands by maternal estrogens. A triad of congenital HMC, polydactyly, and cardiac anomalies are the ca...