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A comprehensive model for the photon number fluctuations and the current noise in quantum cascade lasers is presented. It is shown that the photon intensity noise in quantum cascade lasers exhibits little amplitude squeezing even when noise in the drive current is suppressed below the shot noise value. This is in contrast to interband semiconductor diode lasers in which the laser intensity nois...

We discuss the design, fabrication and characterization of waveguide polarization mode converters for quantum cascade lasers operating at 4.6 μm. We have fabricated a quantum cascade laser with integrated polarization mode converter that emits light of 69% Transverse Electrical (TE) polarization from one facet and 100% Transverse Magnetic (TM) polarization from the other facet.

This report summarizes the entire research period. In this program, we performed experiments using a femtosecond mid-infrared pump-probe system implemented for QCL samples operating at 4.6 and 5.3 μm. We employed femtosecond time-resolved pump-probe measurements to probe the nature of the transport through the laser structure via the dynamics of the gain. The gain recovery was determined by the...

A model for the photon noise and the current noise in quantum cascade lasers is presented. It is shown that compared to diode lasers quantum cascade lasers exhibit much less photon-number squeezing even when the noise in the drive current is suppressed well below the shot-noise value. The theoretical model presented in this paper self-consistently accounts for the suppression of the current noi...

Room temperature, broadly tunable, electrically pumped semiconductor sources in the terahertz spectral range, similar in operation simplicity to diode lasers, are highly desired for applications. An emerging technology in this area are sources based on intracavity difference-frequency generation in dual-wavelength mid-infrared quantum cascade lasers. Here we report terahertz quantum cascade las...