To specify demand in most water allocation problems, researchers face a tradeoff between flexibility and parsimony. Flexible forms are less constraining on elasticity estimates, but require large parameter sets that tend to cause poor out-of-sample forecasts and computational difficulties. Using a five-year panel of Texas municipalities, the parsimonious Stone-Geary form yields estimated demand...

Rivers are natural channels on the surface of earth to drain water, apart from that, course, interactions between discharges, other factors such as human activities along rivers give different characteristics river formation. largest portion comes land clearing around Langkolome body located in Wambona Village, South Wakorumba District, Muna Regency. Based results calculation flood discharge Ri...

In recent years, extensive literature on the Environmental Kuznets Curve leading to optimistic policy conclusions has attracted great attention. However, the underlying cross-section estimations are not very reliable. Accordingly, this contribution uses time series data for a single country with good data quality: Germany. With a specification that includes all theoretical variations and differ...

There are two principal choices of the baseline from which emissions trading may take place: 1) emission reduction credits (ERCs) in which the baseline is existing regulations which are often activitybased; and 2) cap-and-trade which specified the total allowable emissions. This paper examines the effects of these two tradable permit systems on marginal and average costs for the firm, using ele...

The literature argues that income growth leads to increased demand for environmental quality and thus reduction in pollution. Using a utility theoretic model, we hypothesize that the income±pollution relationship should depend on the level of disamenity of the pollutant. We proxy for disamenity using the toxicity of releases. For counties in the United States, the functional relationship betwee...