BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Combined pulmonary fibrosis and emphysema (CPFE) is characterized by upper lobe emphysema together with lower lobe fibrosis. The aim of this study was to examine whether cytokine levels in the alveolar space are associated with emphysematous changes superimposed on pulmonary fibrosis. METHODS Consecutive patients (n = 102), diagnosed with pulmonary fibrosis were retro...

BACKGROUND In patients with emphysema, invasive mechanical ventilation settings should be adjusted to minimize hyperinflation while reducing respiratory effort and providing adequate gas exchange. We evaluated the impact of pressure-controlled ventilation (PCV) and pressure support ventilation (PSV) on pulmonary and diaphragmatic damage, as well as cardiac function, in experimental emphysema. ...

Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis has been associated with emphysema in cigarette smokers as a new clinical entity: combined pulmonary fibrosis and emphysema (CPFE). In order to compare histomorphometrical, roentgenological and immunohistochemical aspects of usual interstitial pneumonia (UIP) with and without associated pulmonary emphysema, 17 patients with biopsy-proven UIP were evaluated. Morphom...

introduction: α1-antitrypsin deficiency (α1-atd) is one of the most common genetic disorders in white race, a usual cause of liver disease in children, and hepatopulmonary involvement in children and adult. the aim of this case description is presenting a child with early lung disease without liver parenchymal disorder. case presentation: we describe a 13 year old boy because of exertional dysp...

background congenital pulmonary lesions may be diagnosed through ultrasonographic screenings or be revealed as causes of respiratory distress in the neonatal period and infancy. less commonly, they are detected as incidental features. objectives our study represents the diversity of congenital pulmonary lesions and their characteristics during an 11-year period in a referral teaching children’s...

Investigations of cardiorespiratory functions in pulmonary diseases have in recent years contributed much to the understanding of the development of pulmonary heart disease. Harvey et al.’ in a recent publication have stressed the importance of anoxia in patients with chronic pulmonary emphysema as a cause for the deterioration of heart function. According to them, acute anoxia may precipitate ...

Pulmonary emphysema results from the loss of intricate alveolar architecture and progressive simplification of small and highly effective gas-exchanging units into large, inefficient cyst-like spaces. Because of the loss of alveolar gas-exchanging units and the capillary bed within them, blood oxygen levels eventually fall and pressures within the pulmonary circulation rise. Recent insights fro...

We used a CT program "density mask" outlining areas with attenuation values less than -910 HU, to indicate areas of emphysema on a chest CT and to provide an overall percentage of lung involvement by emphysema. The "density mask" quantitation of emphysema was previously shown to correlate well with the pathologic assessment of emphysema in patients undergoing lung resection. We compared the CT ...

Pulmonary emphysema is traditionally subcategorized into three subtypes, which have distinct radiological appearances on computed tomography (CT) and can help with the diagnosis of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Automated texture-based quantification of emphysema subtypes has been successfully implemented via supervised learning of these three emphysema subtypes. In this work, we...

INTRODUCTION Combined pulmonary fibrosis and emphysema has recently been recognized as a syndrome but remains under-diagnosed. Neither clinical management nor therapeutic approaches have been clearly defined. Pulmonary rehabilitation has not been considered within the therapeutic options for combined pulmonary fibrosis and emphysema. In this case we explored the potential benefits of a specific...