The increasing installation of controllable Distributed Energy Resources (DERs) in Distribution Networks (DNs) opens up new opportunities for the provision ancillary services to Transmission Network (TN) level. As penetration smart meter devices and communication infrastructure DNs increases, they become more observable with centralized optimization-based control schemes becoming efficient prac...

Flexible loads are a resource for the Balancing Authority (BA) of future to aid in balance supply and demand power grid. Consequently, it is interest BA know how much flexibility collection has, so successfully incorporate flexible into grid level allocation. Loads' limited by all their Quality Service (QoS) requirements. In this work we present characterization capacity that useful long-term p...

Alternate water sources are being implemented in urban areas to augment scheme water supplied by a water utility to homes. These sources include residential wells, rainwater tanks and greywater systems. Greater water efficiency can be achieved when these systems are designed to match a water source to a given demand based on both water quantity and quality parameters. In this way the use of an ...

OBJECTIVE To determine whether an expansion in private sector contraceptive supply is associated with increased socio-economic inequality in the modern contraceptive prevalence rate (MCPR inequality). METHODS Multiple rounds of Demographic and Health Surveys data were analysed for five countries that experienced an increase in the private sector supply of contraceptives: Morocco, Indonesia, K...