The genus Polyergus is characterized, and all valid species reinstated and re-described, and five new species described, based on morphometric, ecological, host-association, and biogeographic characteristics. Polyergus contains 14 species: 3 Palaearctic, 11 Nearctic. The rufescens group comprises western Eurasian rufescens Latreille 1804 including its former eastern subspecies tianschanicus Kuz...

The occurrence of Protostrongylus stilesi in a population of introduced muskoxen, Ovibos moschatus wardi, on the Arctic Coastal Plain, Yukon Territory (YT) and Northwest Territories (NT), Canada, is consistent with a contemporary colonization event from Dall’s sheep, Ovis dalli dalli, which indicates that host specificity may be ecologically based and contextual for this parasite. Colonization ...

In Chad, enteric fever remains a major public health problem where it is still endemic due to the precariousness of life hygiene combined with abusive and inappropriate use antibiotics. Objective: The aim this work was evaluate in vitro antisalmonella antioxidant activity extracts from leaves stem bark B. rufescens.
 Methods: Phytochemical screening these performed by standard methods just...

1.The study area spend Tikrit in Salah Aden province, and followed him from the aspects villages tubing such as Al-Alam district , Hawi Albu-Ajeel, Al-Naama areas, a series Hamrin mountains east of Tigris River, stretching north to south Al Awja district, Aouinat, Mahzm, Al-Hamra al-Jazeera Lake Tharthar west River.
 
 were collected 1298 fecal sample sheep goats, which 734 samples 56...