Graves' disease is a self-limiting autoimmune thyroid disorder caused by stimulating antibodies to the thyroid-stimulating hormone receptor. It usually affects middle-aged females in fourth sixth decade of life. distinguished keratopathy, chemosis, proptosis, and eyelid swelling, addition ocular discomfort. A total 3-5% cases present with severe form orbitopathy, which manifests diminution visi...

Comment. Ocular neuromyotonia affects the extraocular muscles either individually or in combination, causing episodic diplopia that develops either spontaneously or after gaze in the direction of action of the affected muscle. Electromyography suggests a neurogenic basis for the movements. The tonic contractions are thought to result from the spontaneous discharge of unstable neurons, which are...

Two patients with oculomotor neuropathy demonstrated passive ocular proptosis. In both instances, there was no evidence of a pathological process exerting a vector of force through the orbital opening. The proptosis is caused by a combination of the loss of the normal backward force exerted by the ocular recti muscles and the presence of a small anteriorly directed force exerted by the ocular o...

INTRODUCTION Rhabdomyosarcoma is the most common primary orbital malignant tumor in children. Orbital lesions represent about 10 % of all the cases of rhabdomyosarcoma. Rhabdomyosarcoma is a rare cause of proptosis in adults. OBJECTIVE To report a case of primary orbital rhabdomyosarcoma in a 45-year-old female. DESIGN Interventional case report. The main outcome measures are a rare cause o...

Proptosis due to carotid cavernous fistula is rare sequelae of head injury. We report a case of post-traumatic, direct high flow carotid cavernous fistula that resolved spontaneously 06 weeks after carotid angiography. It however, resulted in loss of vision due to delay in early treatment. In the cases of post-traumatic proptosis, carotid cavernous fistula should be kept in mind.

INTRODUCTION Inflammations and tumors of the orbit and para-orbital regions may present as proptosis. Management depends on clinical, radiological, histo-pathological and biochemical evaluation. OBJECTIVE To analyze the clinical and histopathological profile of the lesions causing proptosis and to report the outcome of their surgical management. MATERIALS AND METHODS In a retrospective stud...

Purpose: Lacrimal gland sizes are increased in Graves' ophthalmopathy. herniation has been reported to be a simple radiological marker. This study aimed investigate the relationship of lacrimal (LGH) with dimensions, proptosis, and hormonal parameters. Methods: Sixty-eight eyes 34 patients ophthalmopathy were evaluated. herniation, long short axis measured mm on right left sides. TSH, FT4, FT3,...

AIMS To determine the effectiveness and safety of three wall orbital decompression by the coronal approach in Graves' ophthalmopathy. METHODS The records of 125 patients with Graves' ophthalmopathy, who had undergone three wall orbital decompression by coronal approach between April 1984 and October 1993, were studied retrospectively. Special attention was paid to proptosis reduction, changes...