............................................................................................................................. 3 TABLE OF CONTENTS......................................................................................................... 4 LIST OF PUBLICATIONS..................................................................................................... 6 LIST OF ABBREVIATION...

There is increasing evidence for the existence of local regulation of hormone secretion among pituitary cells. Hormone-producing pituitary cells may communicate with each other and with folliculostellate cells. Activin is one of the regulators of follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) secretion and gene expression, whereas follistatin negatively regulates FSH production by binding to and bioneutral...

Second thoracic mammary glands of immature BALB/c female mice were stimulated to pregnancy-like lobuloalveolar (LA) development aftr 6 days of incubation in a corticosteroid-free step I culture medium containing insulin, prolactin, estradiol, progesterone, and growth hormone. A low basal level (0.0009%) of casein mRNA (mRNAcsn) sequences was detectable in the LA glands by a specific cDNA probe....

The effect of a high-fat diet (35% fat) on 24-h changes in expression of prolactin and redox pathway enzyme genes was examined in the anterior pituitary of male rats. When body weight of high-fat fed rats attained values about 2025 % higher than controls (after 66 days of treatment) animals were sacrificed at 6 different time intervals throughout a 24-h cycle. Anterior pituitary mRNA levels wer...

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) has shown an association with high levels of prolactin, low levels of dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA), and induction of inflammatory cytokines in the serum of patients with the disease. This preliminary study examined the relevance of a -1149G/T functional single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) (rs1341239) in the promoter of the extrapituitary prolactin gene in a ...

Pituitary function has been shown to be regulated by an increasing number of intrapituitary factors, including cytokines. Here we show that the important cytokine TNF-alpha activates prolactin gene transcription in pituitary GH3 cells stably expressing luciferase under control of 5 kb of the human prolactin promoter. Similar regulation of the endogenous rat prolactin gene by TNF-alpha in GH3 ce...

specific trait candidate genes are sequenced genes with known biological activity. the effects of pou1f1 and stat5a on milk production traits have been studied in several studies. pou1f1 affects on transcription of prolactin and growth hormone gene, as well as, stat5a is known as a main mediator of growth hormone action on target genes and intracellular mediator of prolactin signaling. since th...

Prolactin receptor is membrane receptor without internal enzymatic activity, functioning via cytosolic tyro-sine kinases. Two large domains: extracellular prolactin binding and intracellular are linked by a short trans-membrane. Prolactin connection to receptor changes extracellular domain conformation, leading to vicinal receptors dimerisation. Receptors dimer activates cy-tosolic tyrosine kin...

the induction and regulation of broodiness is of the most important role of prolactin in avian species.the promoter region of the prolactin gene is an appropriate model for studying tissue-specific andhormonally-regulated activation of gene transcription. in this study, the association between prolactinpromoter region alleles and egg production in fars native chickens was investigated. in total...