-Adopting an historical and international perspective, this article explores and analyses the relationship and controversy between pharmacists and dispensing doctors in South Africa. In order to gain a better insight into this troublesome relationship, a combination of qualitative and quantitative methods has been employed. The findings reveal a deep ongoing sense of competition, which is manif...

It is the assertion of this paper that Informing Science (IS) framework (Cohen, 2009) gives insufficient attention to role of the client, a failing traced to the framework’s derivation from the Shannon-Weaver model of communication (Shannon & Weaver, 1949). The IS framework ignores developments in information and communication technology (ICT) and human rights and the resulting emergence of a c...

the right ventricle (rv) is a complex structure with abstruse function that reveals important differences when compared to the left ventricle (lv), so it cannot be described as a simple geometric form and achromatic physiology. as an inference from this fact, in the present review, we aim to describe rv structure including the embryology, anatomy, and physiology and present a functional, hemody...

abstract background: human dignity, as a fundamental human right and a moral obligation, has been emphasized in different fields of nursing. the aim of the present integrative review was to explore the nature of nurses’ human dignity in educational and clinical settings. materials and methods: a literature review was conducted on quantitative and qualitative research papers in english and persi...

The patient was a 23-year-old male professional American football player who played wide receiver. He injured his right shoulder 3 days earlier during practice, diving to catch a pass and landing on his right arm while it was outstretched overhead. When he landed on the ground, the patient reported that he felt his right shoulder dislocate. Based on the patient's mechanism of injury and the fin...