the aim of this study was to investigate the role of international sporting goods fair in developing sport market regarding marketing mix (5ps). the study used a descriptive and field method and was conducted as a survey. the statistical population included all sporting equipment and goods producers who participated in the international fair (n=72 companies) and the sample equaled the populatio...

A large body of empirical work documents that prices of traded goods change by a smaller proportion than real exchange rates between the trading countries (incomplete pass-through). I present a Ricardian model of trade and international price-setting with heterogeneous firms, Bertrand competition and incomplete information. The model implies that: 1) firm-level passthrough is incomplete and a U...

We present an agent-based model of a minimal economy containing households, retail banks, and producers of consumer and capital goods. Household behavior is based on the buffer-stock savings model by Deaton (1961), while the profit-maximizing firms employ reinforcement learning to determine pricing and production. Competitive retail banks facilitate the flow of funds between households and prod...

International trade models typically assume that producers in one country trade directly with final consumers in another. In reality, of course, trade can involve long chains of potentially independent actors who move goods through wholesale and retail distribution networks. These networks likely affect the magnitude and nature of trade frictions and hence both the pattern of trade and its welf...

In a wide range of industries alternative electronic distribution channels may permit disintermediation of wholesalers and of retailers. In some cases manufacturers or primary service deliverers may be able to deal directly with their customers, while in other industries existing intermediaries may be able to withstand attempts to bypass them. Two illustrative industries — consumer packaged goo...

We present an agent-based model of a minimal economy containing households, retail banks, and producers of consumer and capital goods. Household behavior is based on the buffer-stock savings model by Deaton (1961), while the profit-maximizing firms employ reinforcement learning to determine pricing and production. Competitive retail banks facilitate the flow of funds between households and prod...

A principal seeks production of a good within a limited timeframe with a hard deadline, after which any good procured has no value. There is inherent uncertainty in the production process, which in light of the deadline may warrant simultaneous production of multiple goods by multiple producers despite there being no marginal value for extra goods beyond the maximum quality good produced. This ...

This paper presents initial work on a system called MarketBayes, a computational market economy where distributed agents trade in uncertain propositions. For any Bayesian network, we have defined a corresponding economy of goods, consumers and producers that essentially “computes” the same information. Although our research thus far has only verified the existence of a market structure capable ...

This note corrects the analysis given in Woodford (2003, chap. 5) of a model with staggered pricing and endogenous capital accumulation, to take account of an error in the original calculations noted by Sveen and Weinke (2004). The main source of complication in this analysis is the assumption that the producers of individual differentiated goods (that adjust their prices at different dates) in...

International trade models typically assume that producers in one country trade directly with final consumers in another. In reality, of course, trade can involve long chains of potentially independent actors who move goods through wholesale and retail distribution networks. These networks likely affect the magnitude and nature of trade frictions and hence both the pattern of trade and its welf...