Produced water (PW) is the effluent generated during oil mining and extraction. On average, for every barrel of oil, 4-5 barrels PW are worldwide. The presence various contaminants in makes it toxic. Disposal untreated into oceans bodies can cause adverse effects on human health environment. Taking account large volumes being generated, its environment, proper treatment required before reuse or...

Aim: Most studies on the effect of produced water are centred effects physicochemical parameters recipient environment, but not much has been conducted biogeochemical processes such as nitrogen cycle. This study aims to determine median lethal concentration (LC50) that would cause mortality 50% exposed population Nitrosomonas sp. (test organism) which is involved in ammonification step Nitrogen...

Produced water generated from oil and gas operations contains significant quantities of environmentally hazardous hydrocarbons, organic chemicals, inorganic salts. Environmental regulations with impaired disposal mandates produced treatment desalination. Industry standard desalination technologies are energy-intensive mandate extensive pre-treatment including removal hydrocarbons constituents f...

ABSTRACT            Background and Objectives: Halophilic bacteria can grow and survive in environments with a wide range a wide range of salinities. In this study, we aimed to isolate halophilic bacteria from the Meyghan Lake in Arak (Iran) and evaluate their enzymatic activity.            Methods: Samples were taken from four different areas of the lake. Halophilic bacteria were isolated by...

in order to investigate effects of optimum use of manure and nitrogen fertilizer on yield and yield components of corn single cross 704 (late maturing, non-prolific and dent) in different levels of irrigation water. a field study was conducted in 2005 year in agriculture experiment station of college agriculture, arak university (34o 32′ n, 50o 31′ e; 1759 m above mean sea level). design of exp...

In the rapidly developing shale gas industry, managing produced water is a major challenge for maintaining the profitability of shale gas extraction while protecting public health and the environment. We review the current state of practice for produced water management across the United States and discuss the interrelated regulatory, infrastructure, and economic drivers for produced water reus...