The purpose of this study was to determine whether the morphology of the mandible differed in subjects of diverse ethnic origin exhibiting Class III malocclusions. Lateral cephalographs of 147 children of either Korean or European-American descent aged between 5 and 11 years were compared. The cephalographs were subdivided into seven age- and sex-matched groups, traced, and eight mandibular hom...

Quantitative analysis of morphology allows for identification of subtle evolutionary patterns or convergences in anatomy that can aid ecological reconstructions of extinct taxa. This study explores diversity and convergence in cranial morphology across living and fossil primates using geometric morphometrics. 33 3D landmarks were gathered from 34 genera of euprimates (382 specimens), including ...

OBJECTIVE The underlying etiology of Class III malocclusion may be associated with cranial base morphology. The aim of this study is to test the efficacy of a Right-Angled Maxillary Protraction Appliance (RAMPA) System in Asian subjects with Class III malocclusions. MATERIALS AND METHODS 27 homologous landmarks were digitized from lateral cephalographs for 10 pre-pubertal Japanese children (m...

Morphometric studies often consider parts with internal left-right symmetry, for instance, the vertebrate skull. This type of symmetry is called object symmetry and is distinguished from matching symmetry, in which two separate structures exist as mirror images of each other, one on each body side. We explain a method for partitioning the total shape variation of landmark configurations with ob...

This study introduces a new multivariate approach for analyzing the effects of quantitative trait loci (QTL) on shape and demonstrates this method for the mouse mandible. We quantified size and shape with the methods of geometric morphometrics, based on Procrustes superimposition of five morphological landmarks recorded on each mandible. Interval mapping for F(2) mice originating from an interc...

LORY implements the methods described in Marquez et al. (2012) for the estimation of shape variables that measure local differences in shape between individual samples and their Procrustes mean. “Local” refers herein to infinitesimal differences in shape mapped continuously over entire configurations; these differentials give rise to shape variables that differ from other variables such as Proc...

BACKGROUND The tools and techniques used in morphometrics have always aimed to transform the physical shape of an object into a concise set of numerical data for mathematical analysis. The advent of landmark-based morphometrics opened new avenues of research, but these methods are not without drawbacks. The time investment required of trained individuals to accurately landmark a data set is sig...

The objective of this study was to determine if increased overjet (greater than 6 mm) influences the magnitude and reproducibility of natural smile and maximal smile in Caucasian adult females. Twenty adult females with an increased overjet (6-10 mm) and 20 control adult females (overjet 2-4 mm) with no history of orthodontic treatment volunteered to participate. The mean age in the control gro...

We study the synchronization of musical sequences by means of an operation defined on finite or infinite words called superimposition. This operation can formalize basic musical structures such as melodic canons, for which we provide a construction based on the superimposition of infinite words. In the case of circular canons, we present an enumeration algorithm involving Lyndon words, which ap...

In the paper proposed we will make use of the gradient flow approach to consider a generalization of the well-known oblique Procrustes rotation problem, involving oblique simple structure rotation of both the core and component matrices resulting from three-mode factor analysis. The standard oblique Procrustes rotations to specified factor-structure and factor-pattern follw as special cases. Th...