Computational analysis of time-course data with an underlying causal structure is needed in a variety of domains, including neural spike trains, stock price movements, and gene expression levels. However, it can be challenging to determine from just the numerical time course data alone what is coordinating the visible processes, to separate the underlying prima facie causes into genuine and spu...

Context. The Fringe Sensor Unit (FSU) is the central element of the Phase Referenced Imaging and Micro-arcsecond Astrometry (PRIMA) dual-feed facility and provides fringe sensing for all observation modes, comprising off-axis fringe tracking, phase referenced imaging, and high-accuracy narrow-angle astrometry. It is installed at the Very Large Telescope Interferometer (VLTI) and successfully se...

Article is made available in accordance with the publisher's policy and may be subject to US copyright law. Please refer to the publisher's site for terms of use. The MIT Faculty has made this article openly available. Please share how this access benefits you. Your story matters. In this paper, we use the classical twin design to provide estimates of genetic and environmental influences on exp...

The long history of the study of quantum gravity has thrown up a complex web of ideas and approaches. The aim of this article is to unravel this web a little by analysing some of the prima facie questions that can be asked of almost any approach to quantum gravity and whose answers assist in classifying the different schemes. Particular emphasis is placed on (i) the role of background conceptua...

El objetivo de este trabajo es identificar y caracterizar brevemente las maneras en que los juristas entienden el carácter prima facie una norma. Para ello reconstruiré dos sentidos la literatura especializada usualmente le atribute: i) como forma presentar un problema falta información sobre alcance norma (prima sentido epistémico); ii) indeterminación generado por ordenación entre normas norm...

PRIMA, the instrument for Phase-Referenced Imaging and Micro-arcsecond Astrometry at the VLTI, is currently being developed at ESO. PRIMA will implement the dual-feed capability, at first for two UTs or ATs, to enable simultaneous interferometric observations of two objects that are separated by up to 1 arcmin. PRIMA is designed to perform narrowangle astrometry in K-band with two ATs as well a...

Assumptions are often not considered to be definitely true, but only as prima facie justified. When an assumption is prima facie justified, there can for instance be a reason against it, by which the assumption is not actually justified. The assumption is then said to be defeated. This requires a revision of the standard conception of logical interpretation of sets of assumptions in terms of th...

atmospheric pollution.5 In this study, collecting the data blind and the absence of obvious change in gradient occurring when the doctors learnt of the date mining started excluded bias as the cause ofthe changes recorded. The sustained change in gradient after the start of mining suggests that the cause of the change had also continued. Thus it could not be due to seasonal or other transient f...