Direct wet seeded rice is eminent due to low energy and cost required for the cultivation. The only disadvantage difficulty manage weeds which farmers rely mostly on herbicides effective management. Herbicides are bioactive compounds will affect soil microflora by its ecotoxicological behaviour. Hence, in this study such as pendimethalin, pretilachlor + pyrazosulfuron ethyl (tank mix) pre-emerg...

A novel silica coated paper substrate is developed through a facile vacuum filtration method by using the commercially available silica particles as the coating material and corn starch as the adhesive agent. Unlike the commercial silica coated paper (namely grade SG81 paper), the resulting paper substrate was covered by a layer of silica particles on the top side of the paper, and no cellulosi...