Disseminating scientific knowledge and teaching responsible conduct to people involved in research and scientific activities is a prerequisite for the efficiency and integrity of scientific information (16). However, one important challenge scientists face today is conveying scientific information to the public clearly and directly (3). Another challenge is related to peer-review biases (11, 12...

Introduction The prestige of book publishers is an important element for the assessment of SSH scholars in Spain. Until 2012, that ‘prestige’ remained based upon subjective, individual judgements from assessment committees’ members. In order to provide a more objective reference for the prestige of book publishers, ÍLIA research group developed a ranking of book publishers (so called SPI) based...

Citation analysis does not generally take the quality of citations into account: all citations are weighted equally irrespective of source. However, a scholar may be highly cited but not highly regarded: popularity and prestige are not identical measures of esteem. In this study we define popularity as the number of times an author is cited and prestige as the number of times an author is cited...

How closely does stature (reputation) correspond to objective measures of actual performance? In the following article, reprinted from Social Science Quarterly, 1 James A. Christenson, Department of Sociology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, and Lee Sigelman, now dean. Faculty of Social and Behavioral Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, compare impact-factor data from the Social Science...

This study investigated whether and how imitation of sentences spoken in Liverpool English (LE) and Standard Southern British English (SSBE), affected attitudes related to these accents. LE has low prestige and low social attractiveness, while SSBE has high prestige and high attractiveness. A previous study showed that imitation positively affects social attractiveness, but not prestige, for an...

the purpose of present research is to consider the relationship between occupational prestige and avoidance variables and intermediate role of organizational indifference. this research is practical and its data were collected through descriptive method and is descriptive-correlative. statistical community is all ilam petrochemical's co employees. about 276 subjects were selected as sample...

To make a discovery is to achieve one of the closest approximations to a property right that the scientific career affords. Professional prestige is often closely associated with these acquisitions. Small wonder, then, that acrimonious disputes about priority and independence in discovery have often marred the normally placid tenor of scientific communication. Even less wonder that many histori...

After observing a contradiction between the 'official' ideology defined by open-source licenses and the actual behavior of hackers, we examine the actual customs which regulate the ownership and control of open-source software. We discover that they imply an underlying theory of property rights homologous to the Lockean theory of land tenure. We relate that to an analysis of the hacker culture ...

The propensity to imitation over other forms of learning is one of the major differences between humans and other species and one that has allowed for cumulative cultural evolution. However, imitation alone cannot explain increases of average fitness in human populations. Anthropologists have hypothesized that people do not imitate behaviors from random people; rather, transmission of some cult...